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Duration of rubella immunity induced by two-dose measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination. A 15-year follow-up in Finland
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Duration of rubella immunity induced by two-dose measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination. A 15-year follow-up in Finland
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Duration of rubella immunity induced by two-dose measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination. A 15-year follow-up in Finland
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Journal Article
Duration of rubella immunity induced by two-dose measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination. A 15-year follow-up in Finland
2000
Overview
A national two-dose vaccination program with a combined measles, mumps and rubella (MMR-II) vaccine was introduced in Finland, in 1982, immunizing children at the ages of 14–18 months and 6 years. Antibody levels were determined from serial samples from a group of originally 350 children during 15 years. The latest samples were taken 15.5 years after the first vaccination and 70% of the children could still be reached. The aim of this study was to determine the kinetics of rubella antibodies induced by the MMR-II vaccine in these individuals. Rubella antibodies were analyzed from three different cohorts: Group I seronegative children (
n=166) vaccinated at 14–18 months and 6 years, Group II seronegative children (
n=139) and Group III seropositive children (
n=16) vaccinated at 6 and 11–13 years. Samples collected 0–9 years after vaccination were analyzed by hemolysis-in-gel (HIG) and later samples by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) techniques. The primary vaccination induced 100% seropositivity in vaccinees with a mean zone diameter of 10 (±1.3), 10.2 (±1.1) and 11.5 (±0.9) mm, in Groups I, II and III, respectively. The seropositivity rate was still high at 15 years, 99%, 100% and 100% with the geometric mean titer 23, 46 and 105 IU/ml, respectively. At 15 years, antibody levels <15 IU/ml which is the suggested protective level, were found in 31, 9 and 0% of children in Groups I, II and III, respectively. Because almost a third of the individuals in Group I now, at the age of 17 years, had low levels of rubella antibodies, it is possible that rubella infections may re-emerge during pregnancy. A careful surveillance including serological follow-up is therefore very important.
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd,Elsevier
Subject
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Child
/ Finland
/ Humans
/ Infant
/ Measles Vaccine - administration & dosage
/ Measles Vaccine - immunology
/ Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine
/ Mumps Vaccine - administration & dosage
/ Rubella Vaccine - administration & dosage
/ Rubella Vaccine - immunology
