Journal Article

Fumonisins: oxidative stress-mediated toxicity and metabolism in vivo and in vitro

Wang, Xu, Liu, Zhenli, Martínez, María Aránzazu, Wu, Qinghua, Yuan, Zonghui, Wan, Dan, Liu, Qianying, Chen, Dongmei, Martínez-Larrañaga, María Rosa, Anadón, Arturo

2016

Overview

Fumonisins (FBs) are widespread Fusarium toxins commonly found as corn contaminants. FBs could cause a variety of diseases in animals and humans, such as hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, hepatocarcinogenic and cytotoxic effects in mammals. To date, almost no review has addressed the toxicity of FBs in relation to oxidative stress and their metabolism. The focus of this article is primarily intended to summarize the progress in research associated with oxidative stress as a plausible mechanism for FB-induced toxicity as well as the metabolism. The present review showed that studies have been carried out over the last three decades to elucidate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress as a result of FBs treatment and have correlated them with various types of FBs toxicity, indicating that oxidative stress plays critical roles in the toxicity of FBs. The major metabolic pathways of FBs are hydrolysis, acylation and transamination. Ceramide synthase, carboxylesterase FumD and aminotransferase FumI could degrade FB 1 and FB 2 . The cecal microbiota of pigs and alkaline processing such as nixtamalization can also transform FB 1 into metabolites. Most of the metabolites of FB 1 were less toxic than FB 1 , except its partial (pHFB 1 ) metabolites. Further understanding of the role of oxidative stress in FB-induced toxicity will throw new light on the use of antioxidants, scavengers of ROS, as well as on the blind spots of metabolism and the metabolizing enzymes of FBs. The present review might contribute to reveal the toxicity of FBs and help to protect against their oxidative damage.

• Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Animals / Antioxidants / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedicine / Biotransformation / Deoxyribonucleic acid / DNA / DNA Damage / Environmental Health / Enzymes / Food Microbiology / Fumonisins - metabolism / Fumonisins - toxicity / Fusarium / Fusarium - metabolism / Humans / Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects / Lipids / Metabolism / Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine / Oxidation-Reduction / Oxidative stress / Oxidative Stress - drug effects / Pharmacology/Toxicology / Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism / Review Article / Risk Assessment / Zea mays - microbiology