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Overexpression of melanoma-associated antigen A2 has a clinical significance in embryonal carcinoma and is associated with tumor progression
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Overexpression of melanoma-associated antigen A2 has a clinical significance in embryonal carcinoma and is associated with tumor progression
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Overexpression of melanoma-associated antigen A2 has a clinical significance in embryonal carcinoma and is associated with tumor progression
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Journal Article
Overexpression of melanoma-associated antigen A2 has a clinical significance in embryonal carcinoma and is associated with tumor progression
2022
Overview
IntroductionMelanoma-associated antigen A2 (MAGE-A2) is a member of the cancer-testis antigen family differentially overexpressed in a variety of malignancies and is associated with tumor development. However, clinical significance and prognostic value of MAGE-A2 in different histological subtypes of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) have not been explored.Materials and methodsHere, we aimed to investigate the clinical significance and prognostic impact of MAGE-A2 expression in TGCTs compared to benign tumors as well as adjacent normal tissues and then between seminomas and non-seminomas groups using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays.ResultsThe results indicated a statistically significant difference between overexpression of MAGE-A2 and histological subtypes of TGCTs. A statistically significant association was found between a high level of nuclear expression of MAGE-A2 protein and advanced pT stage (P = 0.022), vascular invasion (P = 0.037), as well as involvement of rete testis (P = 0.022) in embryonal carcinomas. Increased nuclear expression of MAGE-A2 was observed to be associated with more aggressive behaviors and tumor progression rather than cytoplasmic expression in these cases. Further, high level nuclear expression of MAGE-A2 had shorter disease-specific survival (DSS) or progression-free survival (PFS) compared to patients with moderate and low expression of MAGE-A2, however, without a statistically significant association.ConclusionOur results confirm that increased nuclear expression of MAGE-A2 has a clinical significance in embryonal carcinomas and is associated with progression of disease. Moreover, MAGE-A2 may act as a potential predictive biomarker for the prognosis in embryonal carcinomas if follow-up period becomes longer. Further investigations for the biological function of MAGE-A2 are required in future studies.
Publisher
Springer Nature B.V
