Journal Article

Understanding Endothelial Dysfunction and Its Role in Ischemic Stroke After the Outbreak of Recanalization Therapies

de Munain, Adolfo López, Rodríguez-Antigüedad, Jon, Bergareche, Alberto, Marta-Enguita, Juan, de la Riva, Patricia

2024

Overview

Despite recent advances in treatment options, stroke remains a highly prevalent and devastating condition with significant socioeconomic impact. Recanalization therapies, including intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatments, have revolutionized stroke management and prognosis, providing a promising framework for exploring new therapeutic strategies. Endothelial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathophysiology, progression, and prognosis of stroke. This review aims to synthesize the current evidence regarding the involvement of the nitric oxide (NO)/endothelium pathway in ischemic stroke, with a particular focus on aging, response to recanalization therapies, and therapeutic approaches. While significant progress has been made in recent years in understanding the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and stroke, many uncertainties persist, and although treatments targeting this pathway are promising, they have yet to demonstrate clear clinical benefits.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Angiogenesis / Animals / Bioavailability / Blood vessels / Care and treatment / Development and progression / Disease / Endothelium / Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism / Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology / Enzymes / Granulocytes / Health aspects / Homeostasis / Humans / Ischemia / Ischemic Stroke - epidemiology / Ischemic Stroke - therapy / Metabolism / Mortality / Nitrates / Nitric oxide / Nitric Oxide - metabolism / Phosphorylation / Physiological aspects / Physiology / Polymorphism / Prognosis / Proteins / Review / Smooth muscle / Stroke (Disease) / Stroke - epidemiology / Stroke - therapy / Thrombolytic drugs / Thrombolytic Therapy / Vascular endothelial growth factor / Vascular endothelium