Journal Article

The Effects of Self-Access Web-Based Pragmatic Instruction and L2 Proficiency on EFL Students’ Email Request Production and Confidence

López-Serrano, Sonia, Martínez-Flor, Alicia, Sánchez-Hernández, Ariadna

2025

Overview

The present study pursued three objectives: (i) to examine whether self-access web-based instruction could significantly improve EFL students’ ability to formulate pragmatically appropriate email requests; (ii) to determine whether L2 proficiency influenced students’ pragmatic performance and their gains following instruction; and (iii) to explore changes in learners’ confidence when evaluating the appropriateness of their own email requests. Sixty-eight first-year English Studies students at a Spanish university completed a five-week intervention integrated into their curriculum. Their L2 proficiency was assessed using the Oxford Placement Test, which categorized them into B1 (n = 22), B2 (n = 23), and C1 (n = 23) levels. Using a pre–post-test design, learners’ performance was assessed through email tasks varying in imposition, and their confidence was measured via Likert-scale ratings. Results showed statistically significant improvements across all dimensions of an analytic rubric—particularly in request appropriateness and organization—indicating that self-access instruction effectively enhanced learners’ pragmatic competence. Gains were similar across the three proficiency groups, with B2 students showing slightly higher though not statistically significant improvements. Participants also reported significantly increased confidence in evaluating their own email appropriateness post-intervention. Findings support the integration of self-access pragmatic resources into EFL curricula to develop academic communication skills in higher education contexts.

• Publisher: MDPI AG
• Subject: Ability / Academic achievement / Academic discourse / Access / Analysis / Appropriateness / College students / Communication / Communication skills / Competence / Confidence / Curricula / Electronic mail systems / Email / email requests / English as a second language / English as a second language instruction / English proficiency / Feedback / Higher education / Imposition / Intervention / L2 proficiency / Language / Learning environment / Learning outcomes / Longitudinal studies / Online education / pragmatic production / Pragmatics / Self evaluation / self-access instruction / Spanish language / Students / student–faculty interaction / Study abroad / Study and teaching / Task performance / Teaching / University students / Writing