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Advances in the Synthesis of Biologically Active Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
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Advances in the Synthesis of Biologically Active Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
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Journal Article
Advances in the Synthesis of Biologically Active Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
2024
Overview
This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the design and synthesis of biologically active quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs). The covered scope extends beyond commonly reviewed antimicrobial derivatives to include synthetic agents with antifungal, anticancer, and antiviral properties. Additionally, this review highlights examples of quaternary ammonium compounds exhibiting activity against protozoa and herbicidal effects, as well as analgesic and anesthetic derivatives. The article also embraces the quaternary-ammonium-containing cholinesterase inhibitors and muscle relaxants. QACs, marked by their inherent permanent charge, also find widespread usage across diverse domains such as fabric softeners, hair conditioners, detergents, and disinfectants. The effectiveness of QACs hinges greatly on finding the right equilibrium between hydrophilicity and lipophilicity. The ideal length of the alkyl chain varies according to the unique structure of each QAC and its biological settings. It is expected that this review will provide comprehensive data for medicinal and industrial chemists to design and develop novel QAC-based products.
Publisher
MDPI AG
Subject
/ Anti-Infective Agents - chemical synthesis
/ Anti-Infective Agents - chemistry
/ Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology
/ Bacteria
/ Cholinesterase Inhibitors - chemical synthesis
/ Cholinesterase Inhibitors - chemistry
/ Cholinesterase Inhibitors - pharmacology
/ Disinfection & disinfectants
/ E coli
/ Humans
/ Lipids
/ Nitrogen
/ Proteins
/ Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - chemical synthesis
/ Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - chemistry
/ Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - pharmacology
/ R&D
