Journal Article

Long-Term Metabolic Outcomes after Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): Results from the Odense GDM Follow-Up Study (OGFUS)

Andersen, Marianne Skovsager, Snogdal, Lena Sønder, Sølling, Katrine, Aalders, Jori, Jensen, Dorte Møller, Vinter, Christina Anne, Højlund, Kurt, Jacobsen, Kristine Hovde, Christensen, Maria Hornstrup

2022

Overview

Aims. To compare metabolic profiles and the long-term risk of metabolic dysfunction between women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (pGDM) and women without pGDM (non-GDM) matched on age, prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), and parity. Methods. In total, 128 women with pGDM (median follow-up: 7.8 years) and 70 non-GDM controls (median follow-up: 10.0 years) completed a 2 h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with assessment of glucose, C-peptide, insulin, and other metabolic measures. Additionally, anthropometrics, fat mass, and blood pressure were assessed and indices of insulin sensitivity and beta cell function were calculated. Results. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was significantly higher in the pGDM group compared to the non-GDM group (26% vs. 0%). For women with pGDM, the prevalence of prediabetes (38%) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) (59%) were approximately 3-fold higher than in non-GDM women (p’s<0.001). Both insulin sensitivity and beta cell function were significantly reduced in pGDM women compared to non-GDM women. Conclusion. Despite similar BMI, women with pGDM had a substantially higher risk of developing T2DM, prediabetes, and the MetS compared to controls. Both beta cell dysfunction and reduced insulin sensitivity seem to contribute to this increased risk.

• Publisher: Hindawi,John Wiley & Sons, Inc,Wiley
• Subject: Blood pressure / Body fat / Body mass index / Cholesterol / Clinical outcomes / Gastrointestinal surgery / Gestational diabetes / Glucose / High density lipoprotein / Insulin resistance / Metabolism / Obesity / Peptides / Plasma / Pregnancy / Triglycerides / Weight control / Womens health