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Journal Article
Preoperative Fasting: An Outdated Concept?
2005
Overview
Recent studies have shown that fasting during the preoperative period for
elective surgery induces a metabolic state that seems unfavorable for
patients. Results from animal studies indicate that rapid depletion of liver
glycogen before surgery leads to mobilization of muscle glycogen after
surgery, in turn leading to reduced muscle strength. Depletion of liver
glycogen also influences the function of the mononuclear phagocytic system
(MPS), which is located predominantly in the liver. The MPS is essential in
restricting endotoxin, which may translocate from the gut. In addition,
surgery per se puts a substantial physical strain on the patient, and
fasting may adversely affect the metabolic response to surgery. This paper
presents experimental and clinical data that, when combined together, prove
that fasting before surgery has adverse consequences for the patient.
Recent information indicates that fasting before surgery changes the metabolic state in such a way that it may have adverse effects on the patient’s recovery. Animal and human studies are accumulating that preoperative feeding with specialized clinical nutrition may improve this recovery.
Publisher
SAGE Publications,ASPEN,American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
Subject
Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy
/ Animals
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Emergency and intensive care: metabolism and nutrition disorders. Enteral and parenteral nutrition
/ Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy
/ Humans
/ Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
/ Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)
/ Obesity
