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Early detection of Alzheimer's disease using the MEMORIES mnemonic
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Journal Article
Early detection of Alzheimer's disease using the MEMORIES mnemonic
2025
Overview
The rising incidence and death rates linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) highlight an urgent issue. Genetic screening is celebrated as a significant advancement for its early detection capabilities, pinpointing those at risk before the emergence of symptoms. Yet, the limited availability of these technologies highlights a critical gap in widespread application. This review pivots to the potential of presymptomatic clinical assessments as a readily available, economical, and simple strategy for early detection. Traditionally, AD diagnosis relies on the late‐stage identification of cognitive deterioration, functional impairments, and neuropsychiatric symptoms, coinciding with advanced brain degeneration. Conversely, emerging research identifies early indicators preceding significant degeneration, manifesting years before clinical symptoms. We introduce a mnemonic, MEMORIES, to categorize these prodromal: Metabolism changes, Eye/visual impairments, March (refer to gait disturbances), Olfactory dysfunction, Rhythm (blood pressure and heart rate), Insensitivity of the tongue, Ears (hearing loss), and Stool alterations. Recognizing these prodromal through clinical examinations provides a valuable strategy for initiating preventative actions against brain degeneration. This approach advocates for broadening the screening lens beyond genetic screening to encompass clinical evaluations, enhancing early detection and intervention opportunities for AD. The MEMORIES Mnemonic for Identifying Prodromal Symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. This acronym encapsulates key early indicators associated with the onset of Alzheimer's, including Metabolism change, Eye/visual impairments, gait disturbances (March), Olfactory dysfunction, alterations in physiological Rhythms (specifically blood pressure and heart rate variations), Insensitivity of the tongue to tastes, Ears (hearing loss), and Stool alteration. Highlights Prodromal AD: An alternative when genetic screening is unavailable. Prodromal stages precede brain degeneration in AD. MEMORIES: A tool for early prodromal AD assessment.
Publisher
Faculty of Medicine, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia%Doctoral Study Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia%Bioinformatics Research Center, Indonesian Bioinformatics and Biomolecular, Malang, Indonesia%Farizky M. Humardani, Veteran Street, Ketawanggede, Lowokwaru Subdistrict, Malang City, East Java 65145, Indonesia,John Wiley and Sons Inc,Wiley
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