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The c-Kit Ligand Suppresses Apoptosis of Human Natural Killer Cells Through the Upregulation of bcl-2
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The c-Kit Ligand Suppresses Apoptosis of Human Natural Killer Cells Through the Upregulation of bcl-2
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Journal Article
The c-Kit Ligand Suppresses Apoptosis of Human Natural Killer Cells Through the Upregulation of bcl-2
1994
Overview
The bcl-2 protein plays a central role in the regulation of programmed cell death in a variety of tissues and is pivotal to the survival of lymphocytes in vivo. The growth factors responsible for survival of normal lymphocytes are unknown but are likely to maintain viability in part through the regulation of bcl-2 expression. A subset of human natural killer (NK) cells (CD3-CD56bright) are unique among lymphocytes in their constitutive expression of c-kit, a tyrosine kinase cell surface receptor that binds c-kit ligand (KL). Alone, KL does not promote proliferation or further differentiation of CD56brightNK cells. We now report that, in the absence of serum or additional growth factors, KL prevents apoptosis of cultured CD56brightNK cells, as assessed by DNA fragmentation studies, and maintains viability, as measured by biologic responses (i.e., proliferation and cytotoxicity) to the subsequent addition of other cytokines. Furthermore, we demonstrate that KL induces CD56brightNK cells to express the bcl-2 protein. In the presence of anti-c-kit antibody, the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein, or bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide, the protective effect of KL on the survival of CD56brightNK cells is dramatically reduced. These data demonstrate that the binding of KL to its tyrosine kinase receptor results in the upregulation of bcl-2, thereby preventing apoptosis in this subset of normal human lymphocytes. As soluble KL is plentiful in normal human serum, this survival mechanism may be operative for CD56brightNK cells in vivo.
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,National Acad Sciences,National Academy of Sciences
Subject
/ Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte
/ Diploidy
/ Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors - pharmacology
/ Humans
/ Killer Cells, Natural - drug effects
/ Proteins
/ Proto-Oncogene Proteins - biosynthesis
/ Proto-Oncogene Proteins - metabolism
/ Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
/ Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit
/ Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases - metabolism
