Journal Article

Do Dietary Supplements and Nutraceuticals Have Effects on Dental Implant Osseointegration? A Scoping Review

Moretti, Antimo, Nastri, Livia, Iolascon, Giovanni, Paoletta, Marco, Annunziata, Marco, Bianco, Massimiliano, Migliaccio, Silvia, Toro, Giuseppe, Liguori, Sara, Cecoro, Gennaro, Guida, Luigi

2020

Overview

Several factors affect dental implant osseointegration, including surgical issues, bone quality and quantity, and host-related factors, such as patients’ nutritional status. Many micronutrients might play a key role in dental implant osseointegration by influencing some alveolar bone parameters, such as healing of the alveolus after tooth extraction. This scoping review aims to summarize the role of dietary supplements in optimizing osseointegration after implant insertion surgery. A technical expert panel (TEP) of 11 medical specialists with expertise in oral surgery, bone metabolism, nutrition, and orthopedic surgery performed the review following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) model. The TEP identified micronutrients from the “European Union (EU) Register of nutrition and health claims made on foods” that have a relationship with bone and tooth health, and planned a PubMed search, selecting micronutrients previously identified as MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms and adding to each of them the words “dental implants” and “osseointegration”. The TEP identified 19 studies concerning vitamin D, magnesium, resveratrol, vitamin C, a mixture of calcium, magnesium, zinc, and vitamin D, and synthetic bone mineral. However, several micronutrients are non-authorized by the “EU Register on nutrition and health claims” for improving bone and/or tooth health. Our scoping review suggests a limited role of nutraceuticals in promoting osseointegration of dental implants, although, in some cases, such as for vitamin D deficiency, there is a clear link among their deficit, reduced osseointegration, and early implant failure, thus requiring an adequate supplementation.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Animals / ascorbic acid / bone metabolism / Bone-Anchored Prosthesis / calcium / Dental Implantation, Endosseous - instrumentation / Dental Implants / dental prosthesis / Diabetes / Diet / Dietary Supplements / European Union / Evidence-based medicine / extraction / Fluorides / Food / foods / Functional foods & nutraceuticals / health claims / Humans / Influence / magnesium / Medical Subject Headings-MeSH / meta-analysis / Metabolism / Mineralization / nutrients / Nutrition research / Nutritional Status / orthopedics / Osseointegration - drug effects / patients / Potassium / Prostheses / Prosthesis Design / resveratrol / Review / Shear strength / surgery / Surgical mesh / systematic review / Tooth extractions / Transplants & implants / Treatment Outcome / Vitamin C / Vitamin D / vitamin D deficiency / Vitamin deficiency / Vitamin E / zinc