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Journal Article
Pathomechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration
2020
Overview
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the main contributor to low back pain, which is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Although substantial progress has been made in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of IDD, fundamental and long‐lasting treatments for IDD are still lacking. With increased understanding of the complex pathomechanism of IDD, alternative strategies for treating IDD can be discovered. A brief overview of the prevalence and epidemiologic risk factors of IDD is provided in this review, followed by the descriptions of anatomic, cellular, and molecular structure of the intervertebral disc as well as the molecular pathophysiology of IDD. Finally, the recent findings of intervertebral disc progenitors are reviewed and the future perspectives are discussed. Pathomechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration. Several risk factors including genetic factors as well as mechanical stress, trauma and smoking, attributed to the development of intervertebral disc degeneration. These biological and environmental factors induce the reduction of cell numbers and transformation of intervertebral disc cells through several molecular mechanisms, resulting in decreased production of extracellular matrix due to increased catabolic activity and decreased anabolic activities. Thereafter, the structured integrity of intervertebral disc is lost and intervertebral disc degeneration is further accelerated.
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons, Inc,Wiley
Subject
