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Intestinal Peyer’s Patches: Structure, Function, and In Vitro Modeling
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Journal Article
Intestinal Peyer’s Patches: Structure, Function, and In Vitro Modeling
2023
Overview
Backgound:
Considering the important role of the Peyer’s patches (PPs) in gut immune balance, understanding of the detailed mechanisms that control and regulate the antigens in PPs can facilitate the development of immune therapeutic strategies against the gut inflammatory diseases.
Methods:
In this review, we summarize the unique structure and function of intestinal PPs and current technologies to establish
in vitro
intestinal PP system focusing on M cell within the follicle-associated epithelium and IgA
+
B cell models for studying mucosal immune networks. Furthermore, multidisciplinary approaches to establish more physiologically relevant PP model were proposed.
Results:
PPs are surrounded by follicle-associated epithelium containing microfold (M) cells, which serve as special gateways for luminal antigen transport across the gut epithelium. The transported antigens are processed by immune cells within PPs and then, antigen-specific mucosal immune response or mucosal tolerance is initiated, depending on the response of underlying mucosal immune cells. So far, there is no high fidelity (patho)physiological model of PPs; however, there have been several efforts to recapitulate the key steps of mucosal immunity in PPs such as antigen transport through M cells and mucosal IgA responses.
Conclusion:
Current
in vitro
PP models are not sufficient to recapitulate how mucosal immune system works in PPs. Advanced three-dimensional cell culture technologies would enable to recapitulate the function of PPs, and bridge the gap between animal models and human.
Publisher
Springer Nature Singapore,Springer Nature B.V,한국조직공학과 재생의학회
