Journal Article

Low-Diversity Microbiota in Apical Periodontitis and High Blood Pressure Are Signatures of the Severity of Apical Lesions in Humans

Canceill, Thibault, Ribiere, Céline, Sillam, Jonathan, Georgelin-Gurgel, Marie, Azalbert, Vincent, Blasco-Baque, Vincent, Terce, François, Ardouin, Michel, Lê, Sylvie, Loubieres, Pascale, Servant, Florence, Mallet, Jean-Philippe, Minty, Matthieu, Sun, Jiuwen, Roulet, Alain, Burcelin, Rémy, Thomas, Charlotte, Diemer, Franck

2023

Overview

(1) Background: In developed countries, the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) varies from 20% to 50% for reasons that could be associated with the apical periodontitis microbiota ecology. (2) Methods: We performed a clinical study in the Odontology department of Toulouse hospital in France, to sequence the 16S rRNA gene of AP microbiota and collect clinical parameters from 94 patients. Forty-four patients were characterized with a PAI (periapical index of AP severity) score lower or equal to 3, while the others had superior scores (n = 50). (3) Results: The low diversity of granuloma microbiota is associated with the highest severity (PAI = 5) of periapical lesions (Odds Ratio 4.592, IC 95% [1.6329; 14.0728]; p = 0.001; notably, a lower relative abundance of Burkholderiaceae and a higher relative abundance of Pseudomonas and Prevotella). We also identified that high blood pressure (HBP) is associated with the increase in PAI scores. (4) Conclusions: Our data show that a low diversity of bacterial ecology of the AP is associated with severe PAI scores, suggesting a causal mechanism. Furthermore, a second risk factor was blood pressure associated with the severity of apical periodontitis.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Bacteria / Bacteria - genetics / Bacterial infections / Blood pressure / Cardiology and cardiovascular system / Granulomas / Gum disease / Human health and pathology / Humans / Hypertension / Lesions / Life Sciences / Microbiota / Microbiota - genetics / Oral hygiene / Periapical Periodontitis / RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics / Taxonomy