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Airway Fusobacterium is Associated with Poor Response to Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer
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Airway Fusobacterium is Associated with Poor Response to Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer
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Airway Fusobacterium is Associated with Poor Response to Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer
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Journal Article
Airway Fusobacterium is Associated with Poor Response to Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer
2022
Overview
There is a major limitation in the immunotherapy for solid cancer is that it only benefited a minority of cancer patients. This study aims to investigate whether the differential composition of the lung microbiome could affect the sustained clinical responses in lung cancers treated with immunotherapy.
Twenty-seven non-responders and 19 responders treated with anti-PD-1 therapy were included in the discovery set. Bacterial load in bronchoalveolar lavage from lung cancer patients was examined by quantitative PCR of 16S rRNA copies. Bacterial 16S rDNA was sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq on the 16S rDNA V3-V4 variable region. Operational taxonomic unit (OTU) analysis was performed using VSEARCH v2. The α-diversity and β-diversity were calculated using QIIME software.
The mean copy number of bacterial 16S DNA levels significantly decreased after anti-PD-1 treatment (after: 1.8 ± 0.6×10
copies per milliliter vs prior to treatment: 3.3 ± 1.1x10
, p = 0.0036). In addition, longitudinal analysis revealed that microbial diversity was reduced taxonomically after treatment compared to those prior to the treatment (Shannon values: before: 3.291 ± 0.067 vs after: 2.668 ± 0.168, p < 0.01). Further, we observed a reduction of
, including phylum
(p < 0.01), class
(p < 0.01), order
(p < 0.01), family
(p < 0.01), genus
(p = 0.025) in the responders post anti-PD-1 treatment. However, there was no significant difference of
in non-responders. An independent cohort was used to validate the levels of
, demonstrating that patients with higher abundance of
prior to treatment were significantly more likely to have poor response to anti-PD-1 therapy (p < 0.001).
Airway enriched
prior to anti-PD-1 therapy is associated with poor response in lung cancer, which indicated that potential resistance to immunotherapy can be attributed to lung microbiome.
