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Tracing the Genetic Legacy of the Tibetan Empire in the Balti

by Afanasevna, Manilova Elena , Shen, Quan-Kuan , Chen, Xi , Qi, Xue-Bin , Su, Bing , Sulaiman, Xierzhatijiang , Dai, Shan-Shan , Yang, Xing-Yan , Ibrohimovich, Khudoidodov Behruz , Rakha, Allah , Yao, Yong-Gang , Chen, Wei , Peng, Min-Sheng , Abdulloevich, Najmudinov Tojiddin , Hou, Juzhi , Zhang, Ya-Ping , Yang, Wei-Kang , Adnan, Atif , Zhao, Ruo-Han

in Discoveries / Genetic research / Genomes / Genomics / History / Mitochondrial DNA / Populations

2021

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Tracing the Genetic Legacy of the Tibetan Empire in the Balti

in Discoveries / Genetic research / Genomes / Genomics / History / Mitochondrial DNA / Populations

2021

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Tracing the Genetic Legacy of the Tibetan Empire in the Balti

in Discoveries / Genetic research / Genomes / Genomics / History / Mitochondrial DNA / Populations

2021

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Journal Article

Tracing the Genetic Legacy of the Tibetan Empire in the Balti

Afanasevna, Manilova Elena,

Shen, Quan-Kuan,

Chen, Xi,

Qi, Xue-Bin,

Su, Bing,

Sulaiman, Xierzhatijiang,

Dai, Shan-Shan,

Yang, Xing-Yan,

Ibrohimovich, Khudoidodov Behruz,

Rakha, Allah,

Yao, Yong-Gang,

Chen, Wei,

Peng, Min-Sheng,

Abdulloevich, Najmudinov Tojiddin,

Hou, Juzhi,

Zhang, Ya-Ping,

Yang, Wei-Kang,

Adnan, Atif,

Zhao, Ruo-Han

2021

Overview

Abstract The rise and expansion of Tibetan Empire in the 7th to 9th centuries AD affected the course of history across East Eurasia, but the genetic impact of Tibetans on surrounding populations remains undefined. We sequenced 60 genomes for four populations from Pakistan and Tajikistan to explore their demographic history. We showed that the genomes of Balti people from Baltistan comprised 22.6–26% Tibetan ancestry. We inferred a single admixture event and dated it to about 39–21 generations ago, a period that postdated the conquest of Baltistan by the ancient Tibetan Empire. The analyses of mitochondrial DNA, Y, and X chromosome data indicated that both ancient Tibetan males and females were involved in the male-biased dispersal. Given the fact that the Balti people adopted Tibetan language and culture in history, our study suggested the impact of Tibetan Empire on Baltistan involved dominant cultural and minor demic diffusion.

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Publisher

Oxford University Press

Subject

/ Genomes

/ History