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Wolbachia small noncoding RNAs and their role in cross-kingdom communications
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Wolbachia small noncoding RNAs and their role in cross-kingdom communications
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Journal Article
Wolbachia small noncoding RNAs and their role in cross-kingdom communications
2014
Overview
In prokaryotes, small noncoding RNAs (snRNAs) of 50–500 nt are produced that are important in bacterial virulence and response to environmental stimuli. Here, we identified and characterized snRNAs from the endosymbiotic bacteria, Wolbachia , which are widespread in invertebrates and cause reproductive manipulations. Most importantly, some strains of Wolbachia inhibit replication of several vector-borne pathogens in insects. We demonstrate that two abundant snRNAs, W snRNA-46 and W snRNA-49, are expressed in Wolbachia from noncoding RNA transcripts that contain precursors with stem-loop structures. W snRNAs were detected in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected with the w MelPop-CLA strain of Wolbachia and in Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans infected with w MelPop and w Au strains, respectively, indicating that the W snRNAs are conserved across species and strains. In addition, we show that the W snRNAs may potentially regulate host genes and Wolbachia genes. Our findings provide evidence for the production of functional snRNAs by Wolbachia that play roles in cross-kingdom communication between the endosymbiont and the host.
Significance Small noncoding RNA molecules have been found in eukaryotes and prokaryotes and are also encoded by viruses. Wolbachia are endosymbiotic bacteria that are widespread in invertebrate populations. Significantly, certain strains of Wolbachia inhibit replication of mosquito-borne pathogens, such as dengue viruses, the malaria parasite, and filarial nematodes. Our results demonstrate that Wolbachia encode conserved small RNAs of approximately 30 nt in Aedes aegypti mosquito and Drosophila melanogaster . We show that the small RNAs may regulate bacterial and host genes, providing a means of communication across two kingdoms.
