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Journal Article
Running coupling: does the coupling between dark energy and dark matter change sign during the cosmological evolution?
2011
Overview
In this paper we put forward a running coupling scenario for describing the interaction between dark energy and dark matter. The dark sector interaction in our scenario is free of the assumption that the interaction term
Q
is proportional to the Hubble expansion rate and the energy densities of dark sectors. We only use a time-variable coupling
b
(
a
) (with
a
the scale factor of the universe) to characterize the interaction
Q
. We propose a parametrization form for the running coupling
b
(
a
)=
b
0
a
+
b
e
(1−
a
) in which the early-time coupling is given by a constant
b
e
, while today the coupling is given by another constant,
b
0
. For investigating the feature of the running coupling, we employ three dark energy models, namely, the cosmological constant model (
w
=−1), the constant
w
model (
w
=
w
0
), and the time-dependent
w
model (
w
(
a
)=
w
0
+
w
1
(1−
a
)). We constrain the models with the current observational data, including the type Ia supernova, the baryon acoustic oscillation, the cosmic microwave background, the Hubble expansion rate, and the X-ray gas mass fraction data. The fitting results indicate that a time-varying vacuum scenario is favored, in which the coupling
b
(
z
) crosses the noninteracting line (
b
=0) during the cosmological evolution and the sign changes from negative to positive. The crossing of the noninteracting line happens at around
z
=0.2–0.3, and the crossing behavior is favored at about 1
σ
confidence level. Our work implies that we should pay more attention to the time-varying vacuum model and seriously consider the phenomenological construction of a sign-changeable or oscillatory interaction between dark sectors.
Publisher
Springer-Verlag,Springer,Springer Nature B.V
