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Proteomic responses to elevated ocean temperature in ovaries of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis
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Proteomic responses to elevated ocean temperature in ovaries of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis
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Proteomic responses to elevated ocean temperature in ovaries of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis
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Journal Article
Proteomic responses to elevated ocean temperature in ovaries of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis
2017
Overview
Ciona intestinalis, a common sea squirt, exhibits lower reproductive success at the upper extreme of water temperatures it experiences in coastal New England. In order to understand the changes in protein expression associated with elevated temperatures, and possible response to global temperature change, we reared C. intestinalis from embryos to adults at 18°C (a temperature at which they reproduce normally at our collection site in Rhode Island) and 22°C (the upper end of the local temperature range). We then dissected ovaries from animals at each temperature, extracted protein, and measured proteomic levels using shotgun mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). 1532 proteins were detected at a 1% false discovery rate present in both temperature groups by our LC-MS/MS method. 62 of those proteins are considered up or downregulated according to our statistical criteria. Principal component analysis shows a clear distinction in protein expression pattern between the control (18°C) group and high temperature (22°C) group. Similar to previous studies, cytoskeletal and chaperone proteins are upregulated in the high temperature group. Unexpectedly, we find evidence that proteolysis is downregulated at the higher temperature. We propose a working model for the high temperature response in C. intestinalis ovaries whereby increased temperature induces upregulation of signal transduction pathways involving PTPN11 and CrkL and activating coordinated changes in the proteome, especially in large lipid transport proteins, cellular stress responses, cytoskeleton, and downregulation of energy metabolism.
