Journal Article

The Prevalence of Potential Drug-Drug-Gene Interactions: A Descriptive Study Using Swiss Claims Data

Huber, Carola, Schneider, Cornelia, Meyer zu Schwabedissen, Henriette, Wittwer, Nina, Moser, Julie, Meier, Christoph, Allemann, Samuel

2025

Overview

We aimed to determine the prevalence of interactions between PGx drugs metabolized by CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 and drugs that act as inhibitors or inducers of those enzymes in the Swiss population. We defined concomitant use of PGx drugs and inhibitors/inducers as instances where a claim of a PGx drug and a claim of an inducer or inhibitor concerning the same enzyme were made within a specified temporal window, either ± 5 days or ± 30 days. We assessed concomitant drug use between 2017 and 2021, using claims data from a Swiss insurance company (Helsana). Out of 894,748 individuals continuously insured, between 17.4% (± 5-days window) and 24.8% (± 30-days window) were exposed to potentially interacting drug pairs, with 1.5% to 2.2% being exposed to potentially strong interacting drug pairs. Individuals exposed to potentially interacting drugs were more frequently female, older and took a greater number of drugs than the general population. The majority of potential interactions were associated with CYP2D6 or CYP2C19. In light of the high prevalence of the simultaneous use of PGx drugs with inhibitor and inducer drugs, it is imperative to consider non-genetic factors, such as drug-induced phenoconversions, when interpreting PGx test results.

• Publisher: Dove Medical Press Limited,Taylor & Francis Ltd,Dove,Dove Medical Press
• Subject: Clinical medicine / Clopidogrel / CYP2D6 protein / Cytochrome P450 / Drug dosages / Drug interaction / Drug therapy / Drug-Drug Interaction / Drug-Drug-Gene Interaction / Enzymes / Genes / Genetic factors / Genotype & phenotype / Health insurance companies / Insurance companies / Metabolism / Original Research / Pantoprazole / Patients / Phenoconversion / Prospective payment systems / Trimipramine