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Pigs are highly susceptible to but do not transmit mink-derived highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b
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Pigs are highly susceptible to but do not transmit mink-derived highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b
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Pigs are highly susceptible to but do not transmit mink-derived highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b
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Journal Article
Pigs are highly susceptible to but do not transmit mink-derived highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b
2024
Overview
Rapid evolution of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) is driven by antigenic drift but also by reassortment, which might result in robust replication in and transmission to mammals. Recently, spillover of clade 2.3.4.4b HPAIV to mammals including humans, and their transmission between mammalian species has been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenicity and transmissibility of a mink-derived clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAIV isolate from Spain in pigs. Experimental infection caused interstitial pneumonia with necrotizing bronchiolitis with high titers of virus present in the lower respiratory tract and 100% seroconversion. Infected pigs shed limited amount of virus, and importantly, there was no transmission to contact pigs. Notably, critical mammalian-like adaptations such as PB2-E627 K and HA-Q222L emerged at low frequencies in principal-infected pigs. It is concluded that pigs are highly susceptible to infection with the mink-derived clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAIV and provide a favorable environment for HPAIV to acquire mammalian-like adaptations.
Publisher
Taylor & Francis Ltd,Taylor & Francis,Taylor & Francis Group
Subject
/ Emerging Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza Infections
/ H5N1
/ highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
/ Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - genetics
/ Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - isolation & purification
/ Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - pathogenicity
/ Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - physiology
/ mammalian-like adaptations, mink isolate, transmission
/ Orthomyxoviridae Infections - transmission
/ Orthomyxoviridae Infections - veterinary
/ Orthomyxoviridae Infections - virology
/ Pigs
/ Spain
/ Swine
/ Swine Diseases - transmission
/ Viruses
