Journal Article

Homology-based repair induced by CRISPR-Cas nucleases in mammalian embryo genome editing

Li, Tao, Ou, Jianping, Huang, Junjiu, Liang, Puping, Zhang, Xiya

2022

Overview

Recent advances in genome editing, especially CRISPR-Cas nucleases, have revolutionized both laboratory research and clinical therapeutics. CRISPR-Cas nucleases, together with the DNA damage repair pathway in cells, enable both genetic diversification by classical non-homologous end joining (c-NHEJ) and precise genome modification by homology-based repair (HBR). Genome editing in zygotes is a convenient way to edit the germline, paving the way for animal disease model generation, as well as human embryo genome editing therapy for some life-threatening and incurable diseases. HBR efficiency is highly dependent on the DNA donor that is utilized as a repair template. Here, we review recent progress in improving CRISPR-Cas nuclease-induced HBR in mammalian embryos by designing a suitable DNA donor. Moreover, we want to provide a guide for producing animal disease models and correcting genetic mutations through CRISPR-Cas nuclease-induced HBR in mammalian embryos. Finally, we discuss recent developments in precise genome-modification technology based on the CRISPR-Cas system.

• Publisher: Higher Education Press,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Animal diseases / Animal models / Animals / Biochemistry / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Cell Biology / CRISPR / CRISPR-Cas Systems - genetics / Deoxyribonucleic acid / Developmental Biology / DNA / DNA - genetics / DNA damage / DNA repair / Embryo, Mammalian - metabolism / Embryos / Endonucleases - genetics / Endonucleases - metabolism / Gene Editing / Genetic diversity / Genome editing / Genomes / Homology / Human Genetics / Life Sciences / Mammals - genetics / Mammals - metabolism / Non-homologous end joining / Nuclease / Protein Science / Review / Stem Cells / Zygotes