Journal Article

Impact of silymarin‐supplemented cookies on liver enzyme and inflammatory markers in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease patients

Tufail, Tabussam, Hanif, Asif, Bader ul Ain, Huma, Malik, Tabarak, Jaffar, Hafiza Madiha

2024

Overview

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing public health concern characterized by fat accumulation and severe disorders like nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which are influenced by obesity, inflammatory processes, and metabolic pathways. This research investigates the potential of silymarin‐supplemented cookies in managing NAFLD by evaluating their impact on liver enzyme activity, inflammatory markers, and lipid profiles. A clinical trial in Lahore, Pakistan, involved 64 NAFLD patients. Participants were divided into placebo and three treatment groups, with the latter receiving silymarin‐supplemented cookies for 3 months. The study assessed liver enzyme levels and inflammatory markers, at baseline and after the intervention, utilizing statistical analyses to evaluate differences. The lipid profile and renal function test (RFT) were also measured at baseline and after 3 months in each group for safety assessment. After 3 months, the treatment groups indicated more significant decreases in liver enzymes compared to the placebo group (p ≤ .05). Treatment 3 showed significant reductions in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (64.39–49.38 U/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (61.53–45.38 U/L). Treatment 3 also showed improvements in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels and the AST/ALT ratio. Additionally, the treatment group demonstrated a significant reduction in inflammatory markers. Treatment 3 showed a significant decrease in C‐reactive protein (CRP) (6.32–3.39 mg/L) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (38.72–23.86 mm/h), indicating that individuals with NAFLD may benefit from the intervention's potential benefits in lowering inflammation. The study revealed that an intervention significantly improved the inflammatory markers, liver enzymes, and lipid profiles of NAFLD participants, suggesting potential benefits for liver health. The study investigates the potential of silymarin‐supplemented cookies in managing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a growing public health concern characterized by fat accumulation and severe disorders like nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A clinical trial in Lahore, Pakistan, involved 64 NAFLD patients divided into placebo and three treatment groups. After 3 months, the treatment groups showed significant decreases in liver enzymes, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, and AST/ALT ratio. Additionally, the treatment group showed a significant reduction in inflammatory markers, C‐reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The study concluded that the intervention significantly improved the inflammatory markers, liver enzymes, and lipid profiles of NAFLD participants, suggesting potential benefits for liver health.

• Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc,John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subject: Alanine / Alanine transaminase / Alkaline phosphatase / Aspartate aminotransferase / Biomarkers / Body mass index / Clinical trials / cookies / Diabetes / Enzymatic activity / Enzyme activity / Enzymes / Erythrocyte sedimentation rate / Evaluation / Fatty liver / Health services / Herbal medicine / Inflammatory diseases / inflammatory markers / Insulin resistance / lipid profiles / Lipids / Liver / Liver diseases / liver enzymes / Marital status / Medical history / Metabolic pathways / Metabolism / NAFLD / Original / Patients / Placebos / Public health / Renal function / Silymarin / Statistical analysis / Transaminases / Ultrasonic imaging / Variables / Variance analysis / Weight control