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Current understanding of male sterility systems in vegetable Brassicas and their exploitation in hybrid breeding
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Current understanding of male sterility systems in vegetable Brassicas and their exploitation in hybrid breeding
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Journal Article
Current understanding of male sterility systems in vegetable Brassicas and their exploitation in hybrid breeding
2019
Overview
Key message
Overview of the current status of GMS and CMS systems available in
Brassica
vegetables, their molecular mechanism, wild sources of sterile cytoplasm and exploitation of male sterility in hybrid breeding.
The predominantly herbaceous family
Brassicaceae
(crucifers or mustard family) encompasses over 3700 species, and many of them are scientifically and economically important. The genus
Brassica
is an economically important genus within the tribe Brassicaceae that comprises important vegetable, oilseed and fodder crops.
Brassica
vegetables display strong hybrid vigor, and heterosis breeding is the integral part in their improvement. Commercial production of F
1
hybrid seeds in
Brassica
vegetables requires an effective male sterility system. Among the available male sterility systems, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is the most widely exploited in
Brassica
vegetables. This system is maternally inherited and studied intensively. A limited number of reports about the genic male sterility (GMS) are available in
Brassica
vegetables. The GMS system is reported to be dominant, recessive and trirecessive in nature in different species. In this review, we discuss the available male sterility systems in
Brassica
vegetables and their potential use in hybrid breeding. The molecular mechanism of mt-CMS and causal mitochondrial genes of CMS has been discussed in detail. Finally, the exploitation of male sterility system in heterosis breeding of
Brassica
vegetables, future prospects and need for further understanding of these systems are highlighted.
