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Global increase in DNA methylation during orange fruit development and ripening
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Global increase in DNA methylation during orange fruit development and ripening
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Journal Article
Global increase in DNA methylation during orange fruit development and ripening
2019
Overview
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mark involved in many biological processes. The genome of the climacteric tomato fruit undergoes a global loss of DNA methylation due to active DNA demethylation during the ripening process. It is unclear whether the ripening of other fruits is also associated with global DNA demethylation. We characterized the single-base resolution DNA methylomes of sweet orange fruits. Compared with immature orange fruits, ripe orange fruits gained DNA methylation at over 30,000 genomic regions and lost DNA methylation at about 1,000 genomic regions, suggesting a global increase in DNA methylation during orange fruit ripening. This increase in DNA methylation was correlated with decreased expression of DNA demethylase genes. The application of a DNA methylation inhibitor interfered with ripening, indicating that the DNA hypermethylation is critical for the proper ripening of orange fruits. We found that ripening-associated DNA hypermethylation was associated with the repression of several hundred genes, such as photosynthesis genes, and with the activation of hundreds of genes, including genes involved in abscisic acid responses. Our results suggest important roles of DNA methylation in orange fruit ripening.
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Subject
/ Abscisic Acid - pharmacology
/ Citrus sinensis - drug effects
/ DNA
/ DNA Demethylation - drug effects
/ DNA Methylation - drug effects
/ Epigenesis, Genetic - drug effects
/ Epigenesis, Genetic - genetics
/ Fruits
/ Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects
/ Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - genetics
/ Genes
/ Genomes
/ Genomics
/ Lycopersicon esculentum - drug effects
/ Lycopersicon esculentum - genetics
/ Oranges
/ Photosynthesis - drug effects
/ Ripening
/ Tomatoes
