Journal Article

Functional and Taxonomic Traits of the Gut Microbiota in Type 1 Diabetes Children at the Onset: A Metaproteomic Study

Valeria Marzano, Valerio Guarrasi, Lorenza Putignani, Annalisa Deodati, Federica Del Chierico, Maria Cristina Matteoli, Pamela Vernocchi, Alessandra Fierabracci, Simone Gardini, Stefano Levi Mortera, Stefano Cianfarani, Novella Rapini

2022

Overview

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune metabolic disorder with onset in pediatric/adolescent age, characterized by insufficient insulin production, due to a progressive destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Evidence on the correlation between the human gut microbiota (GM) composition and T1D insurgence has been recently reported. In particular, 16S rRNA-based metagenomics has been intensively employed in the last decade in a number of investigations focused on GM representation in relation to a pre-disease state or to a response to clinical treatments. On the other hand, few works have been published using alternative functional omics, which is more suitable to provide a different interpretation of such a relationship. In this work, we pursued a comprehensive metaproteomic investigation on T1D children compared with a group of siblings (SIBL) and a reference control group (CTRL) composed of aged matched healthy subjects, with the aim of finding features in the T1D patients’ GM to be related with the onset of the disease. Modulated metaproteins were found either by comparing T1D with CTRL and SIBL or by stratifying T1D by insulin need (IN), as a proxy of β-cells damage, showing some functional and taxonomic traits of the GM, possibly related to the disease onset at different stages of severity.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Adolescent / Aged / Amino acids / Biosynthesis / Child / Dehydrogenases / Diabetes / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / functional annotation / Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology / Gene expression / gut micorbiota / Gut microbiota / Humans / Insulin / insulin need / Insulin resistance / Insulin, Regular, Human / Insulin-Secreting Cells / Investigations / label-free quantitative analysis (LFQ) / Metabolism / metaproteomics / Microbiota / paediatric / Proteins / Quantitative analysis / RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics / Settore MED/38 - PEDIATRIA GENERALE E SPECIALISTICA / Siblings / Taxonomy / Type 1 diabete / Type 1 diabetes; functional annotation; gut micorbiota; insulin need; label-free quantitative analysis (LFQ); metaproteomics, paediatric / Type 1 diabetes; gut microbiota; metaproteomics; paediatric; insulin need; functional annotation; label-free quantitative analysis (LFQ)