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Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Tea Bioactive Components in Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Tea Bioactive Components in Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Journal Article
Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Tea Bioactive Components in Neurodegenerative Diseases
2018
Overview
As the population ages, neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) impose a heavy burden on society and families. The pathogeneses of PD and AD are complex. There are no radical cures for the diseases, and existing therapeutic agents for PD and AD have diverse side effects. Tea contains many bioactive components such as polyphenols, theanine, caffeine, and theaflavins. Some investigations of epidemiology have demonstrated that drinking tea can decrease the risk of PD and AD. Tea polyphenols can lower the morbidity of PD and AD by reducing oxidative stress and regulating signaling pathways and metal chelation. Theanine can inhibit the glutamate receptors and regulate the extracellular concentration of glutamine, presenting neuroprotective effects. Additionally, the neuroprotective mechanisms of caffeine and theaflavins may contribute to the ability to antagonize the adenosine receptor A2AR and the antioxidant properties, respectively. Thus, tea bioactive components might be useful for neuronal degeneration treatment in the future. In the present paper, the neuro protection and the mechanisms of tea and its bioactive components are reviewed. Moreover, the potential challenges and future work are also discussed.
Publisher
MDPI AG,MDPI
Subject
/ Animals
/ Caffeine
/ Humans
/ Neurodegenerative Diseases - drug therapy
/ Neurodegenerative Diseases - epidemiology
/ Neurodegenerative Diseases - etiology
/ Neurodegenerative Diseases - metabolism
/ Neuroprotective Agents - chemistry
/ Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology
/ Neuroprotective Agents - therapeutic use
/ Oxidative Stress - drug effects
/ Phytochemicals - pharmacology
/ Phytochemicals - therapeutic use
/ Plant Extracts - pharmacology
/ Plant Extracts - therapeutic use
/ Review
/ Signal Transduction - drug effects
/ theanine
