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Non-MS autoimmune demyelination
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Journal Article
Non-MS autoimmune demyelination
2008
Overview
Connective tissue diseases can be characterised by central nervous system (CNS) involvement, in some patients manifested by demyelination areas in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord, which are difficult to differentiate from multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating processes, such as transverse myelitis and optic neuritis. Demyelinating process may be the feature of nervous impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus, Behcet's disease (BD), Sjoegren's syndrome (SS), systemic sclerosis (SSc) or very rarely other systemic autoimmune diseases. An acute isolated neurological syndrome, as the most common symptom of MS can sometimes be the only feature or even first manifestation of nervous impairment in connective tissue disease, hence presenting the diagnostic problem. Although the white matter abnormalities seen by magnetic resonance imaging may be similar in non-MS autoimmune demyelination and MS, it is the most important diagnostic tool in the differential diagnosis of the mentioned conditions.
Investigating the presence of various autoantibodies potentially involved in the pathogenesis of demyelinating lesions as well as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis can be helpful.
Publisher
Elsevier B.V,Elsevier,Elsevier Limited
Subject
Antiphospholipid Syndrome - pathology
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Demyelinating autoimmune diseases, CNS
/ Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS - chemically induced
/ Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS - diagnosis
/ Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS - pathology
/ Disease
/ Humans
/ Lupus
/ Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - pathology
/ Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
/ Rheumatic Diseases - therapy
/ Scleroderma, Systemic - pathology
/ Sjogren's Syndrome - pathology
/ Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases
