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Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenases (1 and 2) in cancer and other diseases
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Journal Article
Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenases (1 and 2) in cancer and other diseases
2024
Overview
The glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle (GPS) is composed of two different enzymes: cytosolic NAD
+
-linked glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (GPD1) and mitochondrial FAD-linked glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 (GPD2). These two enzymes work together to act as an NADH shuttle for mitochondrial bioenergetics and function as an important bridge between glucose and lipid metabolism. Since these genes were discovered in the 1960s, their abnormal expression has been described in various metabolic diseases and tumors. Nevertheless, it took a long time until scientists could investigate the causal relationship of these enzymes in those pathophysiological conditions. To date, numerous studies have explored the involvement and mechanisms of GPD1 and GPD2 in cancer and other diseases, encompassing reports of controversial and non-conventional mechanisms. In this review, we summarize and update current knowledge regarding the functions and effects of GPS to provide an overview of how the enzymes influence disease conditions. The potential and challenges of developing therapeutic strategies targeting these enzymes are also discussed.
Unveiling GPD1 and GPD2: key players in cancer metabolism
Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenases (GPDs, enzymes that help in the body’s metabolism) are important for converting carbohydrates to fats. Their role in diseases like cancer is unclear. Studies show that two types of GPDs, GPD1 and GPD2, can affect cancer growth differently. GPD1 usually stops cancer cell growth, while GPD2 often encourages it. This is believed to be due to their impact on different metabolic processes in the cell. The research suggests that focusing on these enzymes could be a new way to treat cancer. However, more studies are needed to fully understand how this works and to create effective treatments. This research could greatly impact future cancer treatments. This summary was initially drafted using artificial intelligence, then revised and fact-checked by the author.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Springer Nature B.V,Nature Publishing Group,생화학분자생물학회
