Journal Article

The Toxicity Of Metallic Nanoparticles On Liver: The Subcellular Damages, Mechanisms, And Outcomes

Qu, Jing, Zhang, Ting, Tang, Meng, Zang, Yiteng, Yao, Ying

2019

Overview

Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) are new engineering materials with broad prospects for biomedical applications; thus, their biosafety has drawn great concern. The liver is the main detoxification organ of vertebrates. However, many issues concerning the interactions between MNPs and biological systems (cells and tissues) are unclear, particularly the toxic effects of MNPs on hepatocytes and other liver cells. Numerous researchers have shown that some MNPs can induce decreased cell survival rate, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial damage, DNA strand breaks, and even autophagy, pyroptosis, apoptosis, or other forms of cell death. Our review focuses on the recent researches on the liver toxicity of MNPs and its mechanisms at cellular and subcellular levels to provide a scientific basis for the subsequent hepatotoxicity studies of MNPs.

• Publisher: Dove Medical Press Limited,Dove,Dove Medical Press
• Subject: Animals / Apoptosis / Apoptosis - drug effects / Autophagy - drug effects / Biochemistry / Biomedical engineering / Biosafety / Cell death / Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - etiology / Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - metabolism / Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - pathology / DNA / DNA Damage - drug effects / dysfunctions / Hepatocytes - drug effects / Hepatocytes - pathology / hepatotoxicity / Humans / Liver / Liver - drug effects / Liver - metabolism / Liver - pathology / Liver diseases / Metal Nanoparticles - toxicity / metallic nanoparticles / Nanoparticles / Oxidative Stress - drug effects / Patient outcomes / Pyroptosis - drug effects / Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism / Review / subcellular injury / Toxicity / toxicity outcome