Journal Article

Neem Oil or Almond Oil Nanoemulsions for Vitamin E Delivery: From Structural Evaluation to in vivo Assessment of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity

Froiio, Francesca, Cantù, Laura, Paolino, Donatella, Schifano, Emily, Del Favero, Elena, Ricci, Caterina, Marianecci, Carlotta, Hanieh, Patrizia Nadia, Longhi, Catia, Carafa, Maria, Ammendolia, Maria Grazia, Rinaldi, Federica, Uccelletti, Daniela, Maurizi, Linda

2022

Overview

Vitamin E (VitE) may be classified in \"the first line of defense\" against the formation of reactive oxygen species. Its inclusion in nanoemulsions (NEs) is a promising alternative to increase its bioavailability. The aim of this study was to compare O/W NEs including VitE based on Almond or Neem oil, showing themselves antioxidant properties. The potential synergy of the antioxidant activities of oils and vitamin E, co-formulated in NEs, was explored. NEs have been prepared by sonication and deeply characterized evaluating size, ζ-potential, morphology (TEM and SAXS analyses), oil nanodroplet feature, and stability. Antioxidant activity has been evaluated in vitro, in non-tumorigenic HaCaT keratinocytes, and in vivo through fluorescence analysis of transgenic strain. Moreover, on healthy human volunteers, skin tolerability and anti-inflammatory activity were evaluated by measuring the reduction of the skin erythema induced by the application of a skin chemical irritant (methyl-nicotinate). Results confirm that Vitamin E can be formulated in highly stable NEs showing good antioxidant activity on keratinocyte and on . Interestingly, only Neem oil NEs showed some anti-inflammatory activity on healthy volunteers. From the obtained results, Neem over Almond oil is a more appropriate candidate for further studies on this application.

• Publisher: Dove Medical Press Limited,Taylor & Francis Ltd,Dove Press,Dove,Dove Medical Press
• Subject: Analysis / Animals / anti-inflammatory activity / Anti-inflammatory drugs / Antioxidants / Antioxidants - chemistry / Antioxidants - pharmacology / C. elegans / Caenorhabditis elegans / Emulsions - chemistry / Experiments / Fatty acids / Free radicals / Genetic engineering / HaCaT / healthy volunteers / Humans / Inflammation / Lipid peroxidation / Lipids / Nanoemulsions / O/W nanodispersion / Original Research / Oxidation / Oxidative stress / Reactive oxygen species / Scattering, Small Angle / Skin / Surfactants / Vitamin E / Vitamin E - pharmacology / X-Ray Diffraction / α-tocopherol