Journal Article

Injectable hydrogel composite containing modified gold nanoparticles: implication in bone tissue regeneration

Bang, Jae Beum, Kwon, Il Keun, Heo, Dong Nyoung, Lee, Sang Jin, Reis, Rui L., Lee, Donghyun, Lee, Jae Seo, Hwang, Yu-Shik, Nah, Ha Ram, Ko, Wan-Kyu, Moon, Ho-Jin

2018

Overview

For effective bone regeneration, it is necessary to implant a biocompatible scaffold that is capable of inducing cell growth and continuous osteogenic stimulation at the defected site. Here, we suggest an injectable hydrogel system using enzymatic cross-linkable gelatin (Gel) and functionalized gold nanoparticles (GNPs). In this work, tyramine (Ty) was synthesized on the gelatin backbone (Gel-Ty) to enable a phenol crosslinking reaction with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) was attached to the GNPs surface (G-NAC) for promoting osteodifferentiation. The Gel-Ty hydrogels containing G-NAC (Gel-Ty/G-NAC) had suitable mechanical strength and biocompatibility to embed and support the growth of human adipose derived stem cells (hASCs) during a proliferation test for three days. In addition, G-NAC promoted osteodifferentiation both when it was included in Gel-Ty and when it was used directly in hASCs. The osteogenic effects were demonstrated by the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test. These findings indicate that the phenol crosslinking reaction is suitable for injectable hydrogels for tissue regeneration and G-NAC stimulate bone regeneration. Based on our results, we suggest that Gel-Ty/G-NAC hydrogels can serve both as a biodegradable graft material for bone defect treatment and as a good template for tissue engineering applications such as drug delivery, cell delivery, and various tissue regeneration uses.

• Publisher: Dove Medical Press Limited,Taylor & Francis Ltd,Dove Press,Dove Medical Press
• Subject: Acetylcysteine - pharmacology / Acids / Adipose Tissue - cytology / Alkaline Phosphatase - metabolism / Biocompatibility / Bone and Bones - drug effects / Bone and Bones - physiology / Bone Regeneration - drug effects / Bones / Cell adhesion & migration / Cell Differentiation - drug effects / Cell Survival - drug effects / Collagen / Cysteine / Cystine / Defects / Dentistry / Drug delivery systems / Enzymatic cross-linking / Enzymes / Gelatin / Gelatin - chemistry / Gene expression / Gold / Gold - chemistry / Growth factors / Humans / Hydrogels / Hydrogels - pharmacology / Injections / Laboratories / Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry / N-acetyl cysteine / Nanomaterial / Nanomaterials / Nanoparticles / NMR / Nuclear magnetic resonance / Original Research / Osteogenesis / Osteogenesis - drug effects / Peroxidase / Phenols (Class of compounds) / Phosphatases / Polymer crosslinking / Proteins / Skin & tissue grafts / Stem cells / Stem Cells - cytology / Stem Cells - drug effects / Stem Cells - metabolism / Tissue engineering