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Immune Cell Proteins and Parkinson's Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Causal Associations
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Immune Cell Proteins and Parkinson's Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Causal Associations
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Journal Article
Immune Cell Proteins and Parkinson's Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Causal Associations
2025
Overview
Background The neuroimmune interaction mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases have received increasing attention. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, with potential immunoregulatory abnormalities. However, the causal roles of specific immune cell proteins remain unclear. Methods We obtained PD and immune cell protein data from an open and free genome‐wide association study (GWAS) for subsequent analysis. Two‐sample MR analyses with inverse‐variance weighted (IVW), MR‐Egger regression, weighted median, and weighted mode methods were used to evaluate the causal effects. Sensitivity analyses incorporated Cochran's Q test for SNP heterogeneity (prioritizing IVW estimates when present) alongside MR‐Egger intercept and leave‐one‐out evaluations to address horizontal pleiotropy. Results The IVW analysis revealed that the genetically predicted level of three immune cell proteins per standard‐deviation increase was positively associated with PD, including CD38 (OR = 1.13, 95%CI: 1.05–1.22, P = 0.001), FcγRIIIB (OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.01–1.11, P = 0.019), and CUL4B (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.00–1.20, P = 0.012). The IVW analysis also revealed that the genetically predicted level of ADAMTSs per standard‐deviation increase was inversely associated with PD (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81–0.98, P = 0.013). Conclusions We demonstrate that CD38, FcγRIIIB, and CUL4B are risk factors for PD, whereas ADAMTSs is a protective factor. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was applied to elucidate the causal relationship between immune cell proteins and PD. Our study reveals a possible causal effect of immune cell proteins on the risk of PD and provides new ideas for the prevention and management of PD through immune cell proteins.
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons, Inc,John Wiley and Sons Inc,Wiley
Subject
/ Datasets
/ Disease
/ Genetic Predisposition to Disease
/ Genome-Wide Association Study
/ GWAS
/ Humans
/ Mendelian Randomization Analysis
/ Methods
/ Original
/ Parkinson Disease - genetics
/ Parkinson Disease - immunology
/ Parkinson Disease - metabolism
/ Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
/ Proteins
