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6,058例肺癌患者病理类型和临床流行病学特征的分析
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6,058例肺癌患者病理类型和临床流行病学特征的分析
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Journal Article
6,058例肺癌患者病理类型和临床流行病学特征的分析
2016
Overview
背景与目的肺癌的流行病学特征通常随时间、地域、人群分布的变化而发生改变,本研究拟通过回顾性分析郑州大学第一附属医院2012年-2014年住院的原发性支气管肺癌患者的病理类型特点及临床流行病学特征,以初步了解近年来肺癌的流行趋势。方法收集2012年-2014年郑州大学第一附属医院住院的诊断为原发性支气管肺癌并登记为河南地区常住人口的病例,对患者的性别、年龄、城乡来源、吸烟史、饮酒史、地区、手术情况和病理类型等临床资料进行比对分析。结果收集肺癌病例共6,058例,其中2012年1,495例,2013年2,070例,2014年2,493例。肺癌患者男女比例2012年-2014年分别为2.26：1、2.29：1、2.20：1（χ~2=0.367,P=0.832）.发病年龄以60岁-69岁年龄段居多,占35.72%,男女患者各年龄段病理类型差异具有统计学意义（χ~2=109.848,P〈0.001）。2012年-2014年不同病理类型肺癌患者的构成比差异有统计学意义（χ~2=25.344,P=0.013）。男女性肺癌患者均以腺癌为主,在各类病理类型中分别占37.64%和73.63%,差异具有统计学意义（χ~2=562.382,P〈0.001）。各年龄段肺癌患者中腺癌所占比例分别为60.62%、56.59%、49.84%、45.15%、47.03%和41.25%,差异具有统计学意义（χ~2=48.886,P〈0.001）。豫北地区腺癌的构成比最高,占55.95%。在城市与农村患者中,各病理类型构成比差异具有统计学意义（χ~2=29.732,P〈0.001）。吸烟患者中以鳞癌居多,占38.39%。饮酒患者中也以鳞癌居多,占37.37%。接受手术治疗的患者占15.40%。结论近年来腺癌在所有类型肺癌中所占比例呈上升趋势,鳞癌呈下降趋势。男性肺癌患者以腺癌最常见。腺癌在中青年患者高发,鳞癌在男性患者中高发并与吸烟饮酒关系密切。
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