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Whole genomes and transcriptomes reveal adaptation and domestication of pistachio
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Whole genomes and transcriptomes reveal adaptation and domestication of pistachio
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Journal Article
Whole genomes and transcriptomes reveal adaptation and domestication of pistachio
2019
Overview
Background
Pistachio (
Pistacia vera
), one of the most important commercial nut crops worldwide, is highly adaptable to abiotic stresses and is tolerant to drought and salt stresses.
Results
Here, we provide a draft de novo genome of pistachio as well as large-scale genome resequencing. Comparative genomic analyses reveal stress adaptation of pistachio is likely attributable to the expanded cytochrome P450 and chitinase gene families. Particularly, a comparative transcriptomic analysis shows that the jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthetic pathway plays an important role in salt tolerance in pistachio. Moreover, we resequence 93 cultivars and 14 wild
P. vera
genomes and 35 closely related wild
Pistacia
genomes, to provide insights into population structure, genetic diversity, and domestication. We find that frequent genetic admixture occurred among the different wild
Pistacia
species. Comparative population genomic analyses reveal that pistachio was domesticated about 8000 years ago and suggest that key genes for domestication related to tree and seed size experienced artificial selection.
Conclusions
Our study provides insight into genetic underpinning of local adaptation and domestication of pistachio. The
Pistacia
genome sequences should facilitate future studies to understand the genetic basis of agronomically and environmentally related traits of desert crops.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BMC
Subject
