Journal Article

Porcine colonization of the Americas: a 60k SNP story

Melo, M, University of Illinois System, Martinez, R, Martínez-López, O.R, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano (UNAP), Llambi, S, Universidad Nacional de Loja, Esteve-Codina, A, Iñiguez, V, Caal, E, Groenen, M.A.M, Schook, L.B, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Souza, C.A, Paiva, S.R, Colegio de Médicos Veterinarios y Zootecnistas de Guatemala ; Partenaires INRAE, Burgos-Paz, W, Crooijmans, R.P.M.A, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste [Corrientes] (UNNE), Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CENARGEN ; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation = Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), Universidad de la República de Uruguay = University of the Republic of Uruguay [Montevideo] (UDELAR), Rodriguez, M.C, Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal ; Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agronomicas, Revidatti, M.A, Soto, H.W, Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR), Aguirre, L, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Universidad Nacional de Asunción [Paraguay] = National University of Asunción = Univ

2013

Overview

The pig, Sus scrofa, is a foreign species to the American continent. Although pigs originally introduced in the Americas should be related to those from the Iberian Peninsula and Canary islands, the phylogeny of current creole pigs that now populate the continent is likely to be very complex. Because of the extreme climates that America harbors, these populations also provide a unique example of a fast evolutionary phenomenon of adaptation. Here, we provide a genome wide study of these issues by genotyping, with a 60k SNP chip, 206 village pigs sampled across 14 countries and 183 pigs from outgroup breeds that are potential founders of the American populations, including wild boar, Iberian, international and Chinese breeds. Results show that American village pigs are primarily of European ancestry, although the observed genetic landscape is that of a complex conglomerate. There was no correlation between genetic and geographical distances, neither continent wide nor when analyzing specific areas. Most populations showed a clear admixed structure where the Iberian pig was not necessarily the main component, illustrating how international breeds, but also Chinese pigs, have contributed to extant genetic composition of American village pigs. We also observe that many genes related to the cardiovascular system show an increased differentiation between altiplano and genetically related pigs living near sea level.

• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group,CCSD,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: adaptation / Adaptation, Physiological - genetics / Americas / Animal populations / Animals / Animals, Domestic - genetics / association / Biogeography / Biological Evolution / Breeding / Cardiovascular system / DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics / domestication / Europe / Evolution & development / expression / footprints / genome / Genomics / Haplotypes / high-altitude / Hogs / Humans / Islands / Life Sciences / Original / Phylogenetics / Phylogeny / pig breeds / Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide - genetics / r-package / Sea level / selection / Spain / Sus scrofa / Swine / Swine - genetics
• ISBN: 9780003165524, 0003165523