Journal Article

Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA) as Production Platform for Vaccines against Influenza and Other Viral Respiratory Diseases

Altenburg, Arwen, Kreijtz, Joost, Rimmelzwaan, Guus, De Vries, Rory, Volz, Asisa, Sutter, Gerd, Song, Fei, Fux, Robert

2014

Overview

Respiratory viruses infections caused by influenza viruses, human parainfluenza virus (hPIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and coronaviruses are an eminent threat for public health. Currently, there are no licensed vaccines available for hPIV, RSV and coronaviruses, and the available seasonal influenza vaccines have considerable limitations. With regard to pandemic preparedness, it is important that procedures are in place to respond rapidly and produce tailor made vaccines against these respiratory viruses on short notice. Moreover, especially for influenza there is great need for the development of a universal vaccine that induces broad protective immunity against influenza viruses of various subtypes. Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA) is a replication-deficient viral vector that holds great promise as a vaccine platform. MVA can encode one or more foreign antigens and thus functions as a multivalent vaccine. The vector can be used at biosafety level 1, has intrinsic adjuvant capacities and induces humoral and cellular immune responses. However, there are some practical and regulatory issues that need to be addressed in order to develop MVA-based vaccines on short notice at the verge of a pandemic. In this review, we discuss promising novel influenza virus vaccine targets and the use of MVA for vaccine development against various respiratory viruses.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Animals / Antibodies, Viral - biosynthesis / coronavirus / Cross Protection / Genetic Vectors / Humans / Influenza virus / Influenza, Human - immunology / Influenza, Human - prevention & control / Influenza, Human - virology / modified vaccinia virus ankara / Orthomyxoviridae - drug effects / Orthomyxoviridae - immunology / Orthomyxoviridae - pathogenicity / Parainfluenza virus / Respiratory syncytial virus / Respiratory Syncytial Viruses - drug effects / Respiratory Syncytial Viruses - immunology / Respiratory Syncytial Viruses - pathogenicity / Respiratory Tract Infections - immunology / Respiratory Tract Infections - prevention & control / Respiratory Tract Infections - virology / Respirovirus - drug effects / Respirovirus - immunology / Respirovirus - pathogenicity / Review / Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus - drug effects / Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus - immunology / Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus - pathogenicity / vaccine development / Vaccines, Synthetic / Vaccinia virus / Vaccinia virus - genetics / Vaccinia virus - immunology / Viral Vaccines - administration & dosage / Viral Vaccines - genetics / Viral Vaccines - immunology