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中枢神经系统感染性疾病脑脊液检查的临床应用
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中枢神经系统感染性疾病脑脊液检查的临床应用
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Journal Article
中枢神经系统感染性疾病脑脊液检查的临床应用
2013
Overview
目前，对于中枢神经系统感染性疾病的诊断仍需依赖脑脊液检查结果，尤其是病原微生物的检查结果。不同炎症反应（包括细菌性、病毒性、肉芽肿性）脑脊液成分特点不同。一般病原微生物培养最具特异性但敏感性较低，实际上，大多数病毒、寄生虫、真菌和慢性细菌性中枢神经系统感染其脑脊液培养常为阴性。血清病原抗体阳性仅能证明体内存在病原微生物感染，唯有脑脊液检出病原抗体才表明存在中枢神经系统感染性免疫反应。脑脊液聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测病原微生物的敏感性和特异性较高，优于病原微生物培养和血清学检测，但是受到专业技术要求高和检测费用昂贵的限制而不能在临床推广应用。而且PCR检测敏感性极高，容易出现假阳性结果。
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