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锌肥施用对我国小麦籽粒锌含量的影响
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Journal Article
锌肥施用对我国小麦籽粒锌含量的影响
2023
Overview
为了探究锌肥施用对我国小麦籽粒锌含量的影响，本研究通过文献查阅和数据收集，分析了我国小麦籽粒锌含量特征以及不同锌肥施用方式对小麦籽粒锌含量的影响。结果表明，我国小麦锌肥施用方式主要有土壤施用、叶面喷施以及土壤施用+叶面喷施，且土壤施用时锌的平均投入量（12.6 kg·hm-2）大于叶面喷施（1.57 kg·hm-2）。不施锌肥时小麦籽粒锌含量范围为14.6～50.0 mg·kg-1，且95.3%的小麦籽粒锌含量低于40 mg·kg-1；土壤施用+叶面喷施处理时小麦籽粒锌含量范围为24.0～70.9 mg·kg-1，且76.2%的小麦籽粒锌含量高于40 mg·kg-1。锌肥的施用显著提高了小麦籽粒中的锌含量，不同施肥方式下小麦籽粒锌含量平均增率排序为土壤施用+叶面喷施（62.6%）>叶面喷施（47.2%）>土壤施用（24.6%）。土壤施用或叶面喷施锌肥时，小麦籽粒锌含量增率与外源锌投入量呈显著正相关（P<0.05），当每公顷锌投入量增加1 kg时，籽粒锌含量分别提高0.74%和16.39%。土壤施用、土壤施用+叶面喷施时锌肥的平均利用率较低（0.59%、0.94%），而叶面喷施锌肥平均利用率较高（7.27%）。研究表明，不同施锌方式均能提高小麦籽粒锌含量，且土壤施用+叶面喷施的效果最好，而叶面喷施方式下锌肥利用率最高。
Publisher
农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,中国农业生态环境保护协会,中国农业大学资源与环境学院,农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室,北京 100193%全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京 100026
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