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Heterogeneous FASnI3 Absorber with Enhanced Electric Field for High-Performance Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells
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Heterogeneous FASnI3 Absorber with Enhanced Electric Field for High-Performance Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells
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Journal Article
Heterogeneous FASnI3 Absorber with Enhanced Electric Field for High-Performance Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells
2022
Overview
HighlightsA novel strategy to further improve the efficiency of lead-free tin perovskite solar cells by carefully controlling the built-in electric field in the absorber is described.A promising efficiency of 13.82% was obtained based on the formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3) perovskite solar cells with a vertical Sn2+ gradient and an enhanced electric field.The solar cell with a heterogeneous FASnI3 absorber is ultrastable, maintaining over 13% efficiency after operation under 1-sun illumination for 1,000 h in air.Lead-free tin perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have undergone rapid development in recent years and are regarded as a promising eco-friendly photovoltaic technology. However, a strategy to suppress charge recombination via a built-in electric field inside a tin perovskite crystal is still lacking. In the present study, a formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3) perovskite absorber with a vertical Sn2+ gradient was fabricated using a Lewis base-assisted recrystallization method to enhance the built-in electric field and minimize the bulk recombination loss inside the tin perovskites. Depth-dependent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the Fermi level upshifts with an increase in Sn2+ content from the bottom to the top in this heterogeneous FASnI3 film, which generates an additional electric field to prevent the trapping of photo-induced electrons and holes. Consequently, the Sn2+-gradient FASnI3 absorber exhibits a promising efficiency of 13.82% for inverted tin PSCs with an open-circuit voltage increase of 130 mV, and the optimized cell maintains over 13% efficiency after continuous operation under 1-sun illumination for 1,000 h.
Publisher
Springer Nature B.V
Subject
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