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The multidrug-resistant human pathogen Clostridium difficile has a highly mobile, mosaic genome

by Wang, Hongmei , Cronin, Ann , Rabbinowitsch, Ester , Whithead, Sally , Barrell, Bart , Holroyd, Simon , Roberts, Adam P , Wren, Brendan W , Hance, Zahra , Stabler, Richard , Chillingworth, Tracey , Moule, Sharon , Holden, Matthew TG , Sharp, Sarah , Fraser, Audrey , Fairweather, Neil F , Cerdeño-Tárraga, Ana M , Brooks, Karen , Davis, Paul , Mullany, Peter , Quail, Michael A , Dowd, Linda , Sebaihia, Mohammed , Dougan, Gordon , Unwin, Louise , Parkhill, Julian , Simmonds, Mark , Mungall, Karen , Price, Claire , Bason, Nathalie , Churcher, Carol , Minton, Nigel , Thomson, Nicholas R , Stevens, Kim , Jagels, Kay , Feltwell, Theresa , Wright, Anne , Baker, Stephen , Dupuy, Bruno

in Adaptation / Adaptation, Physiological / Agriculture / Animal Genetics and Genomics / Bacterial Proteins - genetics / Base Sequence / Biochemistry, Molecular Biology / Biological and medical sciences / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedicine / Cancer Research / Clostridium difficile / Clostridium difficile - drug effects / Clostridium difficile - genetics / Clostridium difficile - pathogenicity / Clostridium difficile - physiology / Conjugation, Genetic / DNA Transposable Elements - genetics / DNA, Bacterial - genetics / Drug resistance / Drug resistance in microorganisms / Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - genetics / Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous - etiology / Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous - microbiology / Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology / Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology / Gene Function / Genetic aspects / Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution / Genome, Bacterial / Genomes / Genomics / Health aspects / Human Genetics / Humans / Life Sciences / Metabolism / Molecular Sequence Data / Mosaicism / Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Pathogens / Physiological aspects / Spores, Bacterial - physiology / Virulence - genetics

2006

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The multidrug-resistant human pathogen Clostridium difficile has a highly mobile, mosaic genome

2006

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2006

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Journal Article

The multidrug-resistant human pathogen Clostridium difficile has a highly mobile, mosaic genome

Wang, Hongmei,

Cronin, Ann,

Rabbinowitsch, Ester,

Whithead, Sally,

Barrell, Bart,

Holroyd, Simon,

Roberts, Adam P,

Wren, Brendan W,

Hance, Zahra,

Stabler, Richard,

Chillingworth, Tracey,

Moule, Sharon,

Holden, Matthew TG,

Sharp, Sarah,

Fraser, Audrey,

Fairweather, Neil F,

Cerdeño-Tárraga, Ana M,

Brooks, Karen,

Davis, Paul,

Mullany, Peter,

Quail, Michael A,

Dowd, Linda,

Sebaihia, Mohammed,

Dougan, Gordon,

Unwin, Louise,

Parkhill, Julian,

Simmonds, Mark,

Mungall, Karen,

Price, Claire,

Bason, Nathalie,

Churcher, Carol,

Minton, Nigel,

Thomson, Nicholas R,

Stevens, Kim,

Jagels, Kay,

Feltwell, Theresa,

Wright, Anne,

Baker, Stephen,

Dupuy, Bruno

2006

Overview

We determined the complete genome sequence of Clostridium difficile strain 630, a virulent and multidrug-resistant strain. Our analysis indicates that a large proportion (11%) of the genome consists of mobile genetic elements, mainly in the form of conjugative transposons. These mobile elements are putatively responsible for the acquisition by C. difficile of an extensive array of genes involved in antimicrobial resistance, virulence, host interaction and the production of surface structures. The metabolic capabilities encoded in the genome show multiple adaptations for survival and growth within the gut environment. The extreme genome variability was confirmed by whole-genome microarray analysis; it may reflect the organism's niche in the gut and should provide information on the evolution of virulence in this organism.

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Publisher

Nature Publishing Group US,Nature Publishing Group

Subject

Adaptation

/ Adaptation, Physiological

/ Agriculture

/ Animal Genetics and Genomics

/ Bacterial Proteins - genetics

/ Base Sequence

/ Biochemistry, Molecular Biology