Journal Article

Phylogenetic analyses and expression studies reveal two distinct groups of calreticulin isoforms in higher plants

Persson, S, Boss, W.F, Rosenquist, M, Svensson, K, Sommarin, M, Galvao, R

2003

Overview

Calreticulin (CRT) is a multifunctional protein mainly localized to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells. Here, we present the first analysis, to our knowledge, of evolutionary diversity and expression profiling among different plant CRT isoforms. Phylogenetic studies and expression analysis show that higher plants contain two distinct groups of CRTs: a CRT1/CRT2 group and a CRT3 group. To corroborate the existence of these isoform groups, we cloned a putative CRT3 ortholog from Brassica rapa. The CRT3 gene appears to be most closely related to the ancestral CRT gene in higher plants. Distinct tissue-dependent expression patterns and stress-related regulation were observed for the isoform groups. Furthermore, analysis of posttranslational modifications revealed differences in the glycosylation status among members within the CRT1/CRT2 isoform group. Based on evolutionary relationship, a new nomenclature for plant CRTs is suggested. The presence of two distinct CRT isoform groups, with distinct expression patterns and posttranslational modifications, supports functional specificity among plant CRTs and could account for the multiple functional roles assigned to CRTs.

• Publisher: American Society of Plant Biologists,American Society of Plant Physiologists,The American Society for Plant Biologists
• Subject: Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions / Amino Acid Sequence / amino acid sequences / Amino acids / Arabidopsis / Arabidopsis - genetics / Arabidopsis - metabolism / Arabidopsis thaliana / Base Sequence / Biologi / Biological and medical sciences / Biological Sciences / Brassica rapa / calreticulin / Calreticulin - genetics / Calreticulin - metabolism / chemistry / Chromosome Mapping / Chromosomes, Plant / Chromosomes, Plant - genetics / Classical and quantitative genetics. Population genetics. Molecular genetics / Cloning, Molecular / Corn / CRT1 gene / CRT2 gene / CRT3 gene / DNA, Complementary / DNA, Complementary - chemistry / DNA, Complementary - genetics / evolution / Evolution, Molecular / Exons / Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology / gene expression / Gene Expression Profiling / Gene Expression Profiling - methods / Generalities. Genetics. Plant material / Genes. Genome / genetics / Genetics and breeding of economic plants / Genetics, Genomics, and Molecular Evolution / Genomics / Glycosylation / grain crops / metabolism / methods / Molecular and cellular biology / molecular cloning / Molecular genetics / Molecular Sequence Data / Natural Sciences / Naturvetenskap / nucleotide sequences / Phylogenetics / Phylogeny / Plant cytology, morphology, systematics, chorology and evolution / Plant evolution / plant proteins / Plant Proteins - genetics / Plant Proteins - metabolism / plant stress / Plants / Plants - genetics / Plants - metabolism / Polysaccharides / Protein isoforms / Protein Isoforms - genetics / Protein Isoforms - metabolism / Proteins / Rice / Sequence Analysis, DNA / Sequence Homology, Amino Acid / vegetable crops / Zea mays / Zea mays - genetics / Zea mays - metabolism