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The effects of diabetes on male fertility and epigenetic regulation during spermatogenesis
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Journal Article
The effects of diabetes on male fertility and epigenetic regulation during spermatogenesis
2015
Overview
The effects of diabetes mellitus include long-term damages, dysfunctions, and failures of various organs. An important complication of diabetes is the disturbance in the male reproductive system. Glucose metabolism is an important event in spermatogenesis. Moreover, glucose metabolism is also important for maintaining basic cell activity, as well as specific functions, such as motility and fertilization ability in mature sperm. Diabetic disease and experimentally induced diabetes both demonstrated that either type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes could have detrimental effects on male fertility, especially on sperm quality, such as sperm motility, sperm DNA integrity, and ingredients of seminal plasma. Epigenetic modifications are essential during spermatogenesis. The epigenetic regulation represents chromatin modifications including DNA methylation, histone modifications, remodeling of nucleosomes and the higher-order chromatin reorganization and noncoding RNAs. If spermatogenesis is affected during the critical developmental window, embryonic gonadal development, and germline differentiation, environmentally-induced epigenetic modifications may become permanent in the germ line epigenome and have a potential impact on subsequent generations through epigenetic transgenerational inheritance. Diabetes may influence the epigenetic modification during sperm spermatogenesis and that these epigenetic dysregulation may be inherited through the male germ line and passed onto more than one generation, which in turn may increase the risk of diabetes in offspring.
Publisher
Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd,Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd,Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd,Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Subject
/ Analysis
/ Animals
/ Complications and side effects
/ Diabetes
/ Diabetes Mellitus - genetics
/ Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - genetics
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - metabolism
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - genetics
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - metabolism
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - genetics
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
/ diabetes; epigenetic regulation; sperm; spermatogenesis
/ Epigenesis, Genetic - genetics
/ Humans
/ Infertility, Male - genetics
/ Infertility, Male - metabolism
/ Male
/ Semen
/ 实验性糖尿病
/ 生育过程
/ 精子发生过程
/ 葡萄糖代谢
/ 表观遗传学
/ 遗传修饰
/ 遗传调控
