Journal Article

Longitudinal change in lung function and subsequent risks of cardiovascular events: evidence from four prospective cohort studies

Chen, Zhen-Guang, Luo, Dong-Ling, Mei, Wei-Yi, Bi, Wen-Tao, Cheng, Yun-Jiu, Li, Zhu-Yu

2021

Overview

Background Lung function is constantly changing over the life course. Although the relation of cross-sectional lung function measure and adverse outcomes has been reported, data on longitudinal change and subsequent cardiovascular (CV) events risks are scarce. Therefore, this study is to determine the association of longitudinal change in lung function and subsequent cardiovascular risks. Methods This study analyzed the data from four prospective cohorts. Subjects with at least two lung function tests were included. We calculated the rate of forced respiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) decline for each subject and categorized them into quartiles. The primary outcome was CV events, defined as a composite of coronary heart disease (CHD), chronic heart failure (CHF), stroke, and any CV death. Cox proportional hazards regression and restricted cubic spline models were applied. Results The final sample comprised 12,899 participants (mean age 48.58 years; 43.61% male). Following an average of 14.79 (10.69) years, 3950 CV events occurred. Compared with the highest FEV1 quartile (Q4), the multivariable HRs for the lowest (Q1), 2nd (Q2), and 3rd quartiles (Q3) were 1.33 (95%CI 1.19, 1.49), 1.30 (1.16, 1.46), and 1.07 (0.95, 1.21), respectively. Likewise, compared with the reference quartile (Q4), the group that experienced a faster decline in FVC had higher HRs for CV events (1.06 [95%CI 0.94–1.20] for Q3, 1.15 [1.02–1.30] for Q2, and 1.28 [1.14–1.44] for Q1). The association remained robust across a series of sensitivity analyses and nearly all subgroups but was more evident in subjects < 60 years. Conclusions We observed a monotonic increase in risks of CV events with a faster decline in FEV1 and FVC. These findings emphasize the value of periodic evaluation of lung function and open new opportunities for disease prevention.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Age / Biomarkers / Biomedicine / Blood pressure / Body mass index / Cardiovascular disease / Cardiovascular diseases / Cardiovascular events / Change / Cholesterol / Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / Cohort analysis / Complications and side effects / Congestive heart failure / Coronary artery disease / Coronary heart disease / Diabetes / Fasting / Glucose / Health risks / Heart diseases / Heart failure / Hypertension / Lipoproteins / Lung diseases / Lung function / Lungs / Marital status / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Population / Quartiles / Regression analysis / Research Article / Respiration / Respiratory function / Risk factors / Sensitivity analysis / Sociodemographics / Statistics / Subgroups / Triglycerides / Variables