Journal Article

Comparative evaluation of surface roughness and bacterial adhesion on two bioactive cements: an in-vitro study

Shenoy, Ramya, Rao, Arathi, Natarajan, Srikant, Suprabha, Baranya Shrikrishna, Dey, Pallabi, Suman, Ethel

2024

Overview

Background Dental restorative materials are recognized as artificial niches that facilitate the adherence and accumulation of oral microorganisms. To mitigate oral diseases and extend the lifespan of restorations, it is advantageous to use dental materials that exhibit low susceptibility to bacterial adhesion. Objective To evaluate and compare bacterial adhesion on two bioactive restorative materials, a glass hybrid restorative, and an alkasite with a nanohybrid resin composite as a positive control. The secondary objectives were to compare the surface roughness (SR) of the materials and determine the correlation between the bacterial adhesion and the SR. Materials and methods The samples consisted of 33 polished discs of each material: Group A: Tetric ® N-Ceram (nanohybrid resin composite), Group B: Equia Forte™ HT Fil (glass hybrid restorative) and Group C: Cention N ® (alkasite). Streptococcus mutans cultures were inoculated and after 24-hours of incubation, bacterial adhesion was measured by measuring optical density (OD) and number of colony forming units (CFUs). After 96-hours incubation, the bacterial cell count was determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SR was assessed using surface profilometer. Results Alkasite had significantly lower OD and CFUs ( p  < 0.001 and p  = 0.015 respectively). According to the SEM analysis, the glass hybrid restorative had lower mean bacterial cell count with no significant difference between the groups. The nanohybrid composite had the smoothest surface that was significantly lower than the alkasite and glass hybrid restorative ( p  = 0.002). None of the groups demonstrated a correlation between bacterial adhesion and SR. Conclusion Alkasite impedes bacterial adhesion better than the glass hybrid restorative and nanohybrid composite, while smoother surfaces are achieved with the nanohybrid composite.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Adhesion / Adhesives / Bacteria / Bacterial adhesion / Bacterial Adhesion - drug effects / Biofilm / Cements, Adhesive / Comparative analysis / Composite materials / Composite resins / Composite Resins - chemistry / Curing / Dental Cements / Dental restorative materials / Dentistry / Fluorides / Glass Ionomer cement / Humans / In Vitro Techniques / Laboratories / Life span / Light / Materials Testing / Mechanical properties / Medicine / Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Optical density / Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery / Physiological aspects / Resin Cements / Resins / Sample size / Scanning electron microscopy / Streptococcus mutans / Streptococcus mutans - drug effects / Surface Properties