Journal Article

Transcriptome profiling of posterior kidney of brown trout, Salmo trutta, during proliferative kidney disease

Sudhagar, Arun, Ertl, Reinhard, Kumar, Gokhlesh, El-Matbouli, Mansour

2019

Overview

Background Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is a myxozoan parasite which causes economically important and emerging proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in salmonids. Brown trout, Salmo trutta is a native fish species of Europe, which acts as asymptomatic carriers for T. bryosalmonae . There is only limited information on the molecular mechanism involved in the kidney of brown trout during T. bryosalmonae development. We employed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to investigate the global transcriptome changes in the posterior kidney of brown trout during T. bryosalmonae development. Methods Brown trout were exposed to the spores of T. bryosalmonae and posterior kidneys were collected from both exposed and unexposed control fish. cDNA libraries were prepared from the posterior kidney and sequenced. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using standard pipeline of quality control, reference mapping, differential expression analysis, gene ontology, and pathway analysis. Quantitative real time PCR was performed to validate the transcriptional regulation of differentially expressed genes, and their correlation with RNA-seq data was statistically analyzed. Results Transcriptome analysis identified 1169 differentially expressed genes in the posterior kidney of brown trout, out of which 864 genes (74%) were upregulated and 305 genes (26%) were downregulated. The upregulated genes were associated with the regulation of immune system process, vesicle-mediated transport, leucocyte activation, and transport, whereas the downregulated genes were associated with endopeptidase regulatory activity, phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process, connective tissue development, and collagen catabolic process. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first RNA-seq based transcriptome study performed in the posterior kidney of brown trout during active T. bryosalmonae development. Most of the upregulated genes were associated with the immune system process, whereas the downregulated genes were associated with other metabolic functions. The findings of this study provide insights on the immune responses mounted by the brown trout on the developing parasite, and the host molecular machineries modulated by the parasite for its successful multiplication and release.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Analysis / Animals / Asymptomatic Infections / B cells / Bioinformatics / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedicine / biosynthesis / Bone marrow / catabolism / Collagen / Complementary DNA / Computational Biology / Connective tissue / Connective tissues / DNA / Endopeptidases / Entomology / Europe / Fish / Fish Diseases - immunology / Fish Diseases - parasitology / Fishes / Freshwater fishes / Gene Expression / Gene Expression Profiling / gene expression regulation / Gene mapping / gene ontology / Gene regulation / Gene sequencing / Genes / Genetic research / Genomes / Genomic libraries / Genomics / Host-Parasite Interactions - genetics / Host-Parasite Interactions - immunology / Immune response / Immune system / Immunity / Indigenous species / Infectious Diseases / Kidney - parasitology / Kidney diseases / Kidney Diseases - immunology / Kidney Diseases - parasitology / Kidney Diseases - veterinary / Kidneys / Lecithin / Leukocytes / Lymphocytes / Mapping / Multiplication / Myxozoa - pathogenicity / Myxozoan / Nucleic acids / Nucleotide sequence / Ontology / Parasites / Parasitic Diseases, Animal - immunology / Parasitology / Pathogenesis / PCR / Phosphatidylcholine / phosphatidylcholines / Phospholipids / Polymerase chain reaction / Proliferative kidney disease / Quality control / quantitative polymerase chain reaction / Ribonucleic acid / RNA / RNA sequencing / RNA-seq / Salmo trutta / Salmonids / sequence analysis / Sequence Analysis, RNA / Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms / Spores / Submarine pipelines / Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae / Transcription / Transcription (Genetics) / transcriptome / transcriptomics / Transport / Tropical Medicine / Trout / Trout - immunology / Trout - parasitology / Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science / Virology / Water temperature