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Non-threaded and rotaxane-type threaded wheel–axle assemblies consisting of dinickel(II) metallomacrocycle and dibenzylammonium axle
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Non-threaded and rotaxane-type threaded wheel–axle assemblies consisting of dinickel(II) metallomacrocycle and dibenzylammonium axle
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Journal Article
Non-threaded and rotaxane-type threaded wheel–axle assemblies consisting of dinickel(II) metallomacrocycle and dibenzylammonium axle
2024
Overview
Rotaxanes are typically prepared using covalent bonds to trap a wheel component onto an axle molecule, and rotaxane-type wheel–axle assembly using only noncovalent interactions has been far less explored. Here we show that a dinickel(II) metallomacrocycle forms two different types of wheel–axle assemblies with a dibenzylammonium axle molecule based only on noncovalent interactions. The non-threaded assembly was obtained by introduction of Ni
2+
into the macrocycle before the complexation with the axle molecule (metal-first method). The non-threaded assembly was in rapid equilibrium with each of the components in solution. The threaded assembly was obtained by introduction of Ni
2+
after the formation of a pseudorotaxane from the non-metalated wheel and the axle molecule (axle-first method). The threaded assembly was not in equilibrium with the dissociated species even though it was maintained only by noncovalent interactions. Thus, formation of one of the non-threaded and threaded wheel–axle assemblies over the other is governed by the assembly pathway.
Mechanically interlocked rotaxanes are typically prepared using covalent bonds to trap a wheel component onto an axle molecule, and rotaxane-type wheel–axle assembly using only noncovalent interactions has been far less explored. Here, a dinickel(II) metallomacrocycle is found to form two different types of wheel–axle assemblies, with a dibenzylammonium axle molecule forming both non-threaded and rotaxane-type threaded assemblies, based only on noncovalent interactions, with formation of one over the other governed by the assembly pathway.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC,Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
