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Formation of spermatogonia and fertile oocytes in golden hamsters requires piRNAs
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Formation of spermatogonia and fertile oocytes in golden hamsters requires piRNAs
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Journal Article
Formation of spermatogonia and fertile oocytes in golden hamsters requires piRNAs
2021
Overview
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) support the germline by suppressing retrotransposons. Studies of the pathway in mice have strongly shaped the view that mammalian piRNAs are essential for male but not for female fertility. Here, we report that the role of the piRNA pathway substantially differs in golden hamsters (
Mesocricetus auratus
), the piRNA pathway setup of which more closely resembles that of other mammals, including humans. The loss of the
Mov10l1
RNA helicase—an essential piRNA biogenesis factor—leads to striking phenotypes in both sexes. In contrast to mice, female
Mov10l1
–/–
hamsters are sterile because their oocytes do not sustain zygotic development. Furthermore,
Mov10l1
–/–
male hamsters have impaired establishment of spermatogonia accompanied by transcriptome dysregulation and an expression surge of a young retrotransposon subfamily. Our results show that the mammalian piRNA pathway has essential roles in both sexes and its adaptive nature allows it to manage emerging genomic threats and acquire new critical roles in the germline.
A set of three papers reports that the piRNA pathway is essential for mammalian female fertility based on genetic perturbation experiments performed in golden hamsters.
