Journal Article

Case–Control Study of Clostridium innocuum Infection, Taiwan

Chen, Mi-Chi, Kuo, Yi-Chun, Chen, Yi-Ching, Le, Puo-Hsien, Zhang, Young-Da, Chen, Chyi-Liang, Chiu, Cheng-Hsun

2022

Overview

Vancomycin-resistant Clostridium innocuum was recently identified as an etiologic agent for antibiotic-associated diarrhea in humans. We conducted a case-control study involving 152 C. innocuum-infected patients during 2014-2019 in Taiwan, using 304 cases of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) matched by diagnosis year, age (+2 years), and sex as controls. The baseline characteristics were similar between the 2 groups. C. innocuum-infected patients experienced more extraintestinal clostridial infection and gastrointestinal tract-related complications than did patients with CDI. The 30-day mortality rate among C. innocuum-infected patients was 14.5%, and the overall rate was 23.0%. Chronic kidney disease, solid tumor, intensive care unit admission, and shock status were 4 independent risk factors for death. C. innocuum identified from clinical specimens should be recognized as a pathogen requiring treatment, and because of its intrinsic vancomycin resistance, precise identification is necessary to guide appropriate and timely antimicrobial therapy.

• Publisher: U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• Subject: Abdomen / Age / Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use / Antibiotic resistance / Antibiotics / Antimicrobial agents / antimicrobial resistance / bacteria / Case studies / Case-Control Studies / Case–Control Study of / Child, Preschool / Clostridioides difficile / Clostridium / Clostridium infections / Clostridium Infections - drug therapy / Clostridium Infections - epidemiology / Clostridium innocuum / Comorbidity / Complications and side effects / Diagnosis / Diarrhea / Disease / Endocarditis / extraintestinal clostridial infection / Firmicutes / Gastrointestinal tract / Hospitals / Humans / Identification and classification / Infection, Taiwan / Mass spectrometry / Medical laboratories / Microbiology / Mortality / Nosocomial infections / Patients / Risk factors / Scientific imaging / Statistical analysis / Statistics / Survival analysis / Taiwan - epidemiology / vancomycin resistance / Variables