Journal Article

A model of lymphocryptovirus-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in immunosuppressed Mauritian cynomolgus macaques

Berg, Melissa, Meyers, Gabrielle, Chen, Yan, Smedley, Jeremy V., Johnson, Amanda L., Boyle, Carla D., Mittra, Erik, Weber, Whitney C., Armantrout, Kimberly, Wu, Helen L., Skalsky, Rebecca, Colgin, Lois, Shriver-Munsch, Christine, Lewis, Anne D., Axthelm, Michael K., Fisher, Hannah K., Panoskaltsis-Mortari, Angela, Sacha, Jonah B., Waytashek, Courtney M., Northrup, Mina, Maziarz, Richard T., Bateman, Katherine B., Biswas, Sreya, Reed, Jason S., Burwitz, Benjamin J., Stanton, Jeffrey J., Templon, John, Swanson, Tonya, Fischer, Miranda

2024

Overview

Immunocompromised individuals are at risk for developing lymphocryptovirus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases, such as Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-associated B cell lymphomas and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). We previously reported development of cynomolgus lymphocryptovirus (CyLCV)-associated PTLD in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques (MCMs) undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), which mirrored EBV-PTLD in transplant patients. Here, we sought to develop a MCM model of lymphocryptovirus-associated lymphoproliferative disease in immunosuppressed MCMs without HSCT. Five simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected, CD8α+ cell-depleted MCMs received an infusion of autologous B-lymphoblastoid cells transformed with CyLCV, followed by varying degrees of immunosuppression. Four of five infused macaques developed masses coincident with increasing CyLCV plasma viremia, and necropsies confirmed the presence of multicentric lymphomas, which most commonly manifested in lymph nodes, gastrointestinal tract, adrenal glands, and pancreas. Affected tissues harbored neoplastic lymphocytes double-positive for CD20 and CyLCV EBNA2 antigen, large frequencies of proliferating B cells, and high levels of cell-associated CyLCV DNA. In addition, longitudinal 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) of one MCM successfully detected lymphoproliferative disease in the adrenal glands prior to clinical signs of disease. These data demonstrate successful induction of lymphocryptovirus-associated PTLD-like disease in 4 of 5 MCMs, and thus support the use of MCMs as a preclinical NHP model of EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disease that could be employed to test novel diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Adrenal glands / Analysis / Animals / Antibodies / Antiretroviral drugs / B-cell lymphoma / Beta cells / Biology and life sciences / Blood / Care and treatment / CD20 antigen / Cells / Chemotherapy / Complications and side effects / Diagnosis / Disease Models, Animal / Disease susceptibility / Drug therapy / Epstein-Barr virus / Gastrointestinal system / Gastrointestinal tract / Graft versus host disease / Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects / Hematopoietic stem cells / Herpes / Herpesviridae Infections - immunology / Herpesviridae Infections - virology / Herpesvirus diseases / HIV patients / Immunocompromised Host - immunology / Immunoproliferative diseases / Immunosuppression / Lymph nodes / Lymphatic diseases / Lymphatic system / Lymphocryptovirus - immunology / Lymphocytes / Lymphoma / Lymphoproliferative disorders / Lymphoproliferative Disorders - etiology / Lymphoproliferative Disorders - immunology / Lymphoproliferative Disorders - pathology / Lymphoproliferative Disorders - virology / Macaca fascicularis / Medicine and Health Sciences / Plasma / Positron emission / Positron emission tomography / Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders / Risk factors / Simian Immunodeficiency Virus - immunology / Stem cell transplantation / Stem cells / Transplantation / Transplants & implants / Tumor Virus Infections - immunology / Tumor Virus Infections - virology / Viremia